【作者】 龚佑兴；

【导师】 刘庆元；

【作者基本信息】 中南大学 ， 大地测量学与测量工程， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 本文从理论上系统地研究了GPS单点定位的数学模型和方法，研究了各项误差改正公式，例如电离层改正、对流层改正、相对论周期部分改正、地球旋转改正、地球固体潮改正、卫星天线相位中心偏差改正；编写了伪距与广播星历、相位和广播星历及相位和精密星历的定位程序，并使用有关数据进行了大量的计算工作。得到了SA取消前后伪距和广播星历24小时的定位结果分别在4米水平和2米水平。采用时星差模型得到取消SA后相位和广播星历的定位结果：用24小时的相位观测数据定位精度在1.1米水平；用2小时的观测数据定位精度在1.3米水平；用1小时的观测数据定位精度在1.6米水平；用20分钟的观测数据定位精度在2.7米水平。最后用精密星历和载波相位观测数据得到了40分钟的单点定位精度为1米水平，2小时的定位精度在0.6米水平。在计算中，通过对精密星历采用切比雪夫多项拟合的方法可计算卫星任意时刻的卫星位置和钟差。分析比较了计算的结果，得到了一些有益的结论。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this paper the mathematical models and methods for GPS single-point positioning are studied systematically on the theory.All kinds of error correction formulas are studied,such as ironsphere correction,troposphere correction,relativistic effect correction,earth rotation correction ,earth tides correction ,satellites antenna phase center offset correction. GPS single-point positioning programs is coded with pseudoranges and broadcast ephemerides,phases and broadcast ephemerides,and phases and precise ephemerides.And a great amount of computation has been done using the data collected .The results are computed with the 24 hour pseudoranges observation data before and after the canceling of the SA.The result show that before the canceling of the SA,the single-point positioning error is about 4 metres,after the canceling of the SA ,the error is about 2 metres.The positioning result of phase and broadcast ephemerides are gained using time-satellite differential model after canceling SA, the precision for 24 hours phase observation data is about 1.1 metre,the precision for 2 hours phase observation data is about 1.3 metre,the precision for 1 hour phase observation data is about 1.6 metre ,the precision for 20 minutes phase observation data is about 2.7 metre.The last,the single-point positioning precision for 40 minutes using precise ephemeredes and carrier phase observation data is about 1 metre,the precision for 2 hours is about 0.6 metre. The satellite position and clock offset at any time can be gained through interpolating precise ephemeredes using CHEBYSHEV polynomial coefficients.The results of computation are analyzed and compared,and some beneficial conclusions are gained.更多还原