【作者】 缪永建；

【导师】 袁明亮；

【作者基本信息】 中南大学 ， 材料学， 2002， 硕士

【摘要】 氧化锌是一种重要的锌系产品，它广泛应用于橡胶、涂料、陶瓷、化工、医药和电子等工业部门。尺寸为纳米级的氧化锌，由于具有明显的表面效应、体积效应、量子尺寸效应和宏观量子隧道效应以及高透明度、高分散性等特点，使得它具有许多新的性质和用途。 超声波是频率范围20-10⁶KHz的机械波，利用超声波来加速或引发新的反应是一门新兴的交叉学科。本论文以Zn（NO₃）₂为原料，NH₃·H₂O为沉淀剂，采用直接沉淀法，在施加一定频率和能量超声波的条件下制得Zn（OH）₂白色沉淀。沉淀经洗涤、干燥、焙烧后生成ZnO纳米粉末。通过X-射线衍、TEM、BET测试表明所制得ZnO为六方晶体，其晶粒度为53.8nm，ZnO颗粒的颗粒度约150nm。采用单因子试验和正交试验的研究方法，分别探讨了水浴和超声波条件下溶液pH值、沉淀剂浓度、反应时间、反应温度对前躯体Zn（OH）₂粒度的影响以及焙烧过程中焙烧温度与焙烧时间对ZnO粒度的影响。结果表明超声波对直接沉淀法制备纳米氧化锌是有影响的，它将大大减小前驱体Zn（OH）₂的粒径，减轻前驱体的团聚现象。更多还原

【Abstract】 Zinc oxide is a kind of important product of the zinc series, Its extensive application are rubber, coating, ceramics, chemical engineering, medicine and Electronic industry. Nano ZnO particles have lots of new properties and preparation due to its obvious surface effect, volume effect, quantum size effect, macro quantum tunneling effect, high clarity and high dispersion.Ultrasonic is one of mechanical wave with wave frequency scope 20-106 KHz, Using Ultrasonic to accelerate or generate a new reaction is its new pattern arisen intercross course. Zn(OH)2 particle was prepared by using a direct precipitation method under certain ultrasonic frequency and energy in this paper, Zn(NO)3.6H2O as the, raw material and NH3.H2O as the precipitation agent. Ultra-fine ZnO was produced by calcinations after washing and drying. The ZnO powder shows hexagonal crystal by TEM, The crystal size of ZnO powder was calculated 53.8nm by X-ray diffration. The particle size of ZnO particle is about 150nm by TEM and BET. Factors of pH value, concentration of precipitation agent, reaction time, and reaction temperature affecting Zn(OH)2 particle size under water-bath conditions and ultrasonic conditions, calcinate temperature, time during the process of calcinations affecting ZnO particle size was studied in this paper adopt single fact test and orthogonal design research method. The results show that ultrasonic has influence to ZnO particle prepared with a direct precipitation method which will reduce the particle size and reuniting of Zn(OH)2.更多还原