岩土锚固的作用机理研究及应用

【作者】 岳志平；

【导师】 胡毅夫； 陈明宪；

【作者基本信息】 中南大学 ， 岩土工程， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 锚固技术是岩土工程加固的一种重要手段。近十几年来，锚固技术以其独特的效应、简便的工艺、广泛的用途和经济的造价，在岩土加固领域中显示出越来越旺盛的生命力。目前不仅广泛应用于矿山工程，而且也推广应用于冶金、水利水电、铁路公路、土木建筑等工程之中，具有良好的应用前景。因此，研究锚固技术具有十分重要的意义。 本文针对锚杆在边坡中的加固作用，研究了锚杆在混凝土中的各种受力情况，如锚杆的轴应力分布特征、剪应力分布特征和锚杆与混凝土的共同作用特征，专门研究了预应力锚索的加固机理及其锚固段的应力分布特征，以期能在边坡防护中得到合理的应用。 针对边坡锚固系统的复杂性及其影响因素的诸多性，研究各种影响因素(如锚杆的材料、锚杆的结构和锚固方式、岩体性质、锚固参数等)对其锚固效果的影响程度，从而了解各种边坡的主要影响因素，然后在防护时针对其主要影响因素进行有效合理的防护。 在边坡锚固系统中，建立起以边坡岩体为主要对象的边坡锚固系统，通过研究岩体的性质(包括其硬度，有无节理结构面)，运用岩体结构控制论和岩体结构力学效应来分析岩体的变形机制，通过锚杆锚固系统的作用来改善边坡岩体的受力情况，使其达到稳定的目的。为边坡的防护研究提供了一种新的途径。 最后，通过对常张高速公路第十六合同段的K123+230—K123+390右边坡的地质情况调查研究，用UDEC离散元程序对其边坡的稳定性情况进行了模拟分析，根据分析结果和边坡具体情况，选择预应力锚索加地格梁加固方案。然后对加固方案和锚索的受力情况进行了模拟分析，不仅加固效果良好，而且也验证了前面章节中锚杆的加固机理。更多还原

【Abstract】 Anchorage technology is an important means of reinforce in the geotechnical engineering. It has showed more and more hearty vitality in the area of reinforce in the geotechnical engineering as its unique effect, simple and convenient technology, far-flung application and economical cost in recent years. At the present time, it has not only been used in the mine but in the areas of metallurgy, water conservancy and hydroelectric power, railway and highway, civil construction and so on and has good foreground of application. So, the research of anchorage technology has very important meaning.All kinds of stress of the anchor in the concrete has been investigated firstly according to the anchorage function in rock side-slope, for example, the axial and the shearing stress distributing character of the anchor and side-slope protecting condition of the combined effect of the anchor and the concrete. At the same time, the reinforced mechanism of the pre-stress cable and the stress distributing character of its anchor segment have been specially investigated and the pre-stress cable were expected to be applied effectively in protection of the side-slope.According to the complexity of side-slope system and its variety of influencing factors, the influencing degree of all kinds of influencing factors, the material, configuration, the mode of reinforce of the anchor, the property of the rock-body, the anchorage parameter and etc, have been studied in order to find out their influencing degree. At last, the reasonable and effective protecting methods are to be applied according to the main influencing factor.The distortion mechanism of rock body was analyzed by cybernetics of configuration of rock body and the structural mechanics effect of rock body according to investigating the character of rock body including its rigidity and jointing constructional surface and the condition of stress of the rock-body in the side-slope was improved according to the anchorage function in anchorage system of the side-slope, which provide a new route for the protecting side-slope.At last, the Universal Distinct Element Code (UDEC) has been applied to simulate and analyze the stability of the K123+230- K123+390 side-slope in the right in ChangZhang highway according to the investigation of its geology condition. The pre-stress cable and the strengthened beams were selected andapplied to reinforce the side-slope based on the analysis result. Then, the reinforce project and the stress of the pre-stress cable have been simulated by the UDEC, which have not only good effect but validate the anchorage mechanism in the former chapter.更多还原