【作者】 程鉴冰；

【导师】 金祥荣；

【作者基本信息】 浙江大学 ， 西方经济学， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 斗转星移，人类社会纷繁复杂、充满变数的20世纪已经落幕。回顾人类社会不平凡也不平坦的发展历程，我们为人类社会的辉煌成就而感到欣喜，也因社会进步的步履艰难而感到沉重。人们以人类特有的灵性创立了系统的国际经济学理论，但由于发展的路径、文化背景及经济水平的差异性，还存在着国际贸易的不平衡现象。 战后，随着GATT的缔约，经各成员国的艰苦谈判，终于将关税水平降低到接近自由贸易要求的水平。在这种税率之下，若想实现对国内产业的保护几乎是不可能的，但若想通过恢复较高的税率水平来保护本国产业同样是不可能的(那会导致关税大战)。因此各发达国家开始实行新贸易保护主义，争相采取可绕过GATT惩罚的非关税措施——技术性贸易壁垒等政策。 论文试图在系统地综述已有的有关技术性贸易壁垒的贸易保传统理论、贸易保护的新理论以及技术性贸易壁垒保护理论(包括绿色贸易保护理论)的基础上，对技术性贸易壁垒的静态效应、动态效应进行客观地分析，并探讨中国应对技术性贸易壁垒的政策选择途径。 在技术壁垒的静态效应分析中，对国际贸易政策工具之一——技术性贸易壁垒分别小国和大国的局部均衡与一般均衡进行了分析，并分析了技术性贸易壁垒的成本效应、数量抑制效应和价格抑制效应。 在技术性贸易壁垒的动态效应分析中，对技术性贸易壁垒的动态抑制效应、国际贸易中的技术差距、南北经济关系以及技术性贸易壁垒保护政策的政治经济学等方面进行了分析。 在中国技术性贸易壁垒的政策选择方面，主要选择了以下问题进行研究。即：完善应对技术性贸易壁垒的的法律保障，建立进出口产品预警机制，充分发挥政府行政管理职能；产业结构调整中提高科技含量，注重信息产业的发展；中国贸易技术标准法律制度的调整；推进各类认证制度；改革现行绿色贸易制度，保护民族工业。 论文较多地采用西方经济学分析工具及其数学分析方法。同时，本文注重对某一特定的技术性贸易壁垒内容和过程——案例，做出客观描述或介绍，以印证经济理论分析的正确性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Time is flowing. The society is complex and developing .The 20 th century which is full of changes has passed by .Reviewing the uncommon and unsmooth development progress of human society ,We feel pride for the bright achievements of human society ,also feel worried about the hard steps of society progress .Human created systematic international economics theories with its intelligence .But because of the difference in the path of development ,cultural background and economic level .There still exists unbalance in international trade .After Two world War ,through tough negotiation between membership countries and with the signing of GATT ,finally ,the customs duties are almost lowered to the level of free trade under these customs duties ,lt is impossible to protect the domestic industries and also it is impossible to protect the domestic industries by rising the customs duty war .So the developed countries begin to implement New Trade Protectionism - Technical barriers to trade.Thesis is trying to analyze objectively the static effect and active effect of Technical barriers to trade on the basis of systematically describing the Technical barriers to trade protectionism ,and trying to discuss the china ’ s policy alternatives for the Technical barriers to trade.In the analysis of the static effect the author analysis one of the international trade policy - Technical barriers to trade,sectional balance of big and small countries and common balance ,and also analysis the cost effect and substitute effect .Quantity control effect and price control effect of Technical barriers to trade.In the analysis of the active effect ,the author analysis the active control effect of the Technical barriers to trade, the technologic gap of international trade ,the North South economic relations and political economics of Technical barriers to trade protection policy .In the china ’ s policy alternatives for the Technical barriers to trade,the following are chosen to research :Perfectly the legal protection for Technical barriers to trade,establish alter system for import and export products ,fulfill the government managerial function .Increase the science of industry structure rectificationattach importance to the development of Information industry .The rectification of legal system for China trade technological standard .Further all kinds of certificate system .Reform the existing Green trade system ,protect national industry .Thesis adopts western economics analysis method and mathematic analysis method .Furthermore ,the thesis pay much attention to describe and introduce the content and process of a certain Technical barriers to trade to justify the analysis of economic theory .更多还原