【作者】 宋瑞峰；

【导师】 陈伟； 叶舟；

【作者基本信息】 福建农林大学 ， 植物学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 芦荟多糖是芦荟主要活性成分，具有抗肿瘤、抗辐射、提高机体免疫力等功效。目前芦荟多糖提取仍然是以传统的水提醇沉法为主，这成为制约芦荟产业发展的“瓶颈”。本研究根据芦荟多糖和芦荟蒽醌类化合物分子大小的差异，利用微胶囊半透膜性质将芦荟多糖和芦荟蒽醌类化合物分离，从而将芦荟活性多糖提取在微胶囊内，最大程度的保持芦荟多糖的生物活性。研究内容主要包括微胶囊模型的建立和将所建立模型应用于芦荟多糖分离。 1．从蕃拉芦荟中提取了芦荟粗多糖(包含芦荟蒽甙)，作为微胶囊模型建立时的模型药物。成功制各出表面光滑、球性好、尺寸分布均匀的海藻酸钙微胶囊。 2．研究了海藻酸钠浓度、氯化钙浓度、固化时间三个因素对海藻酸钙微胶囊分离芦荟多糖的影响。结果显示：在海藻酸钠浓度＞2％，氯化钙浓度＞1.5％，固化时间＞30分钟时，芦荟蒽甙的渗出率达到95％以上，而芦荟多糖的渗出率在20％以下。所得海藻酸钙微胶囊在经过蒸馏水浸泡24小时后，芦荟蒽甙虽完全渗出，但芦荟多糖的渗出率也较大。因此在海藻酸钙凝胶珠基础上又制备了ACA微胶囊。比较了ACA微胶囊和海藻酸钙微胶囊在经过24小时浸泡后芦荟多糖的渗出率。结果表明：海藻酸钙凝胶珠在经过复膜制成ACA微胶囊后，其芦荟多糖的渗出率有显著的降低。故在海藻酸钠浓度介于2～3％，氯化钙浓度介于1.5～2％，固化时间＞30分钟时所制备的海藻酸钙凝胶珠可以用于芦荟多糖的分离，进一步制成ACA微胶囊以降低芦荟多糖渗出率。 3．将所建立的模型应用于新鲜芦荟多糖分离。经测定，芦荟多糖的渗出率为10.7％。因此，本研究建立的模型可以用于芦荟多糖的分离，为芦荟深加工提供了理论基础和技术措施。更多还原

【Abstract】 Aloe, a member of the lily(liliaceae) family, has been used medicinally for thousands of years. Aloe polysaccharides are the subjective ingredient of aloe. Aloe polysaccharide have immune boosting, antitumour, anti-radiation properties. It limits the development of aloe industry that aloe polysaccharides extract by traditional method. In this study, we utilize microcapsule technology to extract aloe polysaccharide. Aloe polysaccharide can be wrapped in the microcapsule because of the difference in molecule size between aloe polysaccharides and aloe lectins. The experiment includes establishing technical pattern of microcapsule and utilizing it to extract polysaccharides from aloe juice.Firstly, aloe polysaccharides and aloe lectins are extracted from aloe which be used as a model product. Small size narrow distribution gel beads with a smooth surface and good sphericity were successfully obtainedSecondly, the factors in experiment such as alginate, calcium and time were studied. Results showed aloe lectins infiltrate over 95% and aloe polysaccharides infiltrate below 20% when alginate is greater than 2%, calcium is greater than 1.5% and time is greater than 30 minute. Aloe polysaccharides infiltrate a lot when calcium alginate microcapsule immersed over 24 hours. Therefore, we make alginate-chitosan-alginate(ACA)microcapsule and compare aloe polysaccharides and aloe lectins infiltration when calcium alginate and ACA microcapsule immersed over 24 hours. Results showed that aloe polysaccharides and aloe lectins infiltration decreased with ACA microcapsule . Calcium alginate microcapsule may extract aloe polysaccharides when alginate at 2-3%, calcium at 1.5-2% and time is greater than 30 minutes. ACA microcapsule can slow aloe polysaccharides infiltration.Lastly, microcapsule model were applied for extracting aloe polysaccharides from aloe juice. The aloe polysaccharides infiltrate at 10.7%. Therefore, the microcapsule model can applied for aloe polysaccharides extraction.更多还原