半导体脉冲激光测距机的硬件电路设计

【作者】 任明冰；

【导师】 李振华； 王春勇； 贺安之；

【作者基本信息】 南京理工大学 ， 测试计量技术及仪器， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 本文旨在尝试解决现有脉冲激光测距精度较低的难题，通过提高飞行时间测量的精度来达到提高距离测量精度的目的。在理论上，分析影响飞行时间测量精度的各种因素：在激光发射方面，使用专用的激光二极管和高性能驱动芯片产生高质量的光脉冲作为测距信号；在光信号接收方面，使用对特殊波长响应度极高的低噪声的雪崩二极管作为接收器件，利用高带宽放大芯片结合高速比较器提取有用信号。在计数部分利用低频率时钟信号源作为基准，使用倍频器PLL产生高频率的ECL电平时钟信号，意在解决高频晶体振荡器作为时钟信号源稳定度不够的问题；研究利用大规模可编程逻辑期件结合时钟电路实现高时间分辨率的计数器；运用计算机并行口进行高速数据采集。 通过制作原理样机并进行实验，对设计方案进行验证。经实验数据分析，测距精度达到±0.3m，测距的重复率稳定在10KHz，并且有良好的抗干扰能力。进一步提高脉冲激光测距机的测距性能。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this paper ,we will attempt to solve the problem that the precision is low in the measurement of pulse LIDAR. We improve the precision by improving the precision of measurement about the TOF .In theory , we analyze the factor that influence the precision of time measurement.Firstly ,we generate good light pulse.This light pulse have steep and steady rising edge and narrow width.The single pulse must have adequate power,or we can not receive the echo signal ,because it has been submerged by noise.Then we design the receiving mode using APD and amplifier and comparer.Secondly ,We learn that the clock benchmark’s stability is a key factor for the counter. In the hardware, we study the high stabilization and frequency ECL circuit and use it as the clock benchmark.Lastly, we programme using VHDL Language,implement counting and controlling and get last count results and output them through parallel port.After the experimentation, we analyze the data and find that the precision has reached our request, 0.3m. It will expand the application range of pulse LIDAR, such as the measurement of terrain and physiognomy, trace and test of aim. Using the technology of miniaturization, we can apply it to weaponry system.更多还原