【作者】 张洪玲；

【导师】 王连军； 吴海锁；

【作者基本信息】 南京理工大学 ， 环境工程， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 本研究以开发高效、经济的重金属废水处理技术为主要目标。研究不同类型的废生物体对多种重金属离子的吸附作用和机理，探讨了生物吸附重金属离子的影响因素，选择适当的生物包埋方法和生物吸附材料再生方法，并对生物吸附和解吸过程的反应速率方程进行了探讨，研究了固定床反应器对重金属离子的吸附作用和选择性。结果表明：实验范围内，活性污泥吸附重金属离子的能力远远高于酵母和小球藻。在对Cd²⁺离子的对比吸附实验中，活性污泥的吸附效果可达8.62mg／g；pH是影响生物吸附的最主要因素，在pH=4～5的范围内，三种生物材料对重金属均可以取得最佳去除效果；海藻酸包埋法和其他包埋法相比更具有优势；固定化CA球的吸附与解吸是可逆反应的两个方面，且反应速度均符合一级反应动力学方程；包埋污泥固定床反应器对重金属离子的吸附能力为Cu²⁺＞Cd²⁺＞Zn²⁺。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this paper, various kinds of waste biomass were tested to find the most powerful one to remove the heavy metal ions from solutions. At the same time, the mechanism of biosorption, the operation parameters, the immobilization method and the desorption method were studied. Moreover, the kinetic equations of the adsorption and desorption process were discussed. In addition, chromatographic effects in the performance of fix-bed reactor caused by different sorption affinities of the metal ions were also investigated. The result indicated that the heavy metal absorption capacity of activated sludge was far higher than the yeast and chlorella. In the Cd2+ adsorption experiment, the adsorption capacity of 8.62mg/g could be achieved by activated sludge. Among all the factors, pH was the most important parameter. All the three biomaterials presented high removal efficiencies of heavy metal ions within the pH range 4.0-5.0. Compared with the other media, the sodium alginate was the most effective. Moreover, the kinetic studies showed the adsorption process and desorption process could modeled by the equilibrium equation. Besides, according to the adsorption performance of the reactor for the mixture of Cu2+, Cd2+and Zn2+, the affinities of metals towards the CA beans decreased in the following order: Cu2+, Cd2+,Zn2+.更多还原