【作者】 于游；

【导师】 周玉华；

【作者基本信息】 东北林业大学 ， 环境与资源保护法学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 目前，环境公益诉讼制度逐渐成为我国环境法学领域理论研究的热点。环境公益诉讼制度能够在排除环境侵害、保护环境公共利益的同时，更好地维护公民的生命、健康、财产以及良好的生活环境等合法权益，是符合现代社会发展需要的一种新型环境诉讼形式。在西方发达国家的立法中，这一制度得到了不同形式地确认和体现，并且在司法实践中被广泛运用。但是，在我国，环境公益诉讼制度尚属于立法上的“空白地带”。我国传统诉讼法对环境公共利益的保护功能非常有限，环境公共利益受到侵害时，缺乏有效的法律救济途径，从而导致环境公共利益得不到有效的保护。同时，这也在一定程度上阻碍了公民环境权的实现，限制了公民广泛参与环境保护以及对我国环境执法的有效监督。这对我国的环境保护工作以及实现可持续发展都十分不利。 本论文在介绍环境公益诉讼制度的基本理论以及国内外发展现状的基础上，采用理论分析、比较分析、实证分析等多种研究方法，运用法学、社会学、哲学等不同学科的多维视角，从深层次剖析了在我国建立环境公益诉讼制度的必要性。笔者认为通过建立这种新型的诉讼形式，可以弥补传统法律的不足，完善现行立法中对公民环境权、公众参与制度等的相关规定；为环境权益，特别是环境公共利益提供及时、有效的司法救济途径；最大限度地实现环境诉讼的价值目标。 此外，本论文还在借鉴了德国的团体诉讼制度、日本的民众诉讼制度，特别是美国的公民诉讼制度先进经验的基础上，结合我国具体国情，对于目前状况下，建立适合我国的环境公益诉讼制度，如何在我国现行法律和诉讼制度的基础上改革，从而可以无需更多的成本投入，只要充分利用现有的司法资源来设计这个制度提出了一些新思路。笔者主张除将环境公益诉讼制度纳入国家法律，并将其作为一项基本制度在环境法律规范中加以确认之外，还要采取一些相应的具体措施来完善该制度，主要包括公民环境权、公众参与制度、原告资格以及诉讼费用等方面。更多还原

【Abstract】 Now, the system of environmental public interest action gradually becomes a heat topic on the theory study in the science environmental law in China. The system of environmental public interest action can remove the environmental endangerment and protect the environmental public interest. In the same time, it can maintain the people’s legal right on life, health, property and good living environment, and so on. It is a new form of environmental proceedings that is fit for the modern social development need. In the legislation of developed countries, this system is upheld through different forms and widely used in the judicial practice. But in China, the system of environmental public interest action is also a"blank zone" in the present legislation. The protective function of our traditional action is limited on the environmental public interest. When the environmental public interest is violated, it always can’t get the effective protection because of lacking for valid remedies. Simultaneously, the lack interferes with realizing the citizens’ right to environment and restricts citizens to join in protecting environment and supervising the environment law enforcement. It is disadvantageous very much on our environmental protection and sustainable development.The thesis is based on the fundamental theory and present development situation of the system of environmental public interest action. With resorting to all kinds of research ways, for example theory analysis, comparison analysis, demonstration analysis, and using the multidisciplinary vision of different subjects, such as law, sociology, philosophy, this thesis deeply dissects the necessity on setting up the system of environmental public interest action in China. The author believes that we can remedy the short of traditional law through this new form of action. It can consummate the relevant stipulation on citizens’ right to environment and participation in the legislation; it brings the immediate and effective judicial remedies for environmental benefit, especial environmental public interest; it will realize the aim of maximum actionable value.Furthermore, this paper puts forward a lot of new train of thought on establishing the system of environmental public interest action in China, which is based on the system of class action in Germany, the system of popular action inJapan, especial the system of citizen action in America and combines our concrete states. The importance of these thought is how to make the system fit for our present situation and design it on the base of our present law and action system and use the present judicial resource without more cost. Besides of stipulating this system definitely in the legislation and making it be a basic system in the environmental law, the author also gives advice on the other aspects, for example,the citizens’ right to environment and participation, qualifications of the plaintiff, expense of proceedings, and so on.更多还原