【作者】 纪逗；

【导师】 周玉华；

【作者基本信息】 东北林业大学 ， 环境与资源保护法学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 我国目前水资源面临着严峻的形势，中国的水现在面临着洪涝灾害、干旱缺水和水环境恶化三大问题，水已经成为当前制约国民经济发展的最大瓶颈。针对原《水法》规定的水资源管理管理体制存在的问题，新修订的《水法》在水资源管理体制方面进行了改革和完善，确立了流域管理与区域管理相结合和统一管理与具体管理相分离的水资源管理体制。但是水资源管理体制在本质上仍然是单一行政管理模式，新《水法》没有形成水资源的市场调节机制。作为计划经济体制回应的水资源单一行政管理模式，已经不能适应我国市场化改革和对处我国目前严峻的水资源问题的需要，市场机制的引入是我国水资源管理体制变革的方向。水资源问题形成的根本原因在于水资源产权的有效界定及其实现障碍所导致的外部性问题，这是由水资源自身具有的特性决定的，市场和政府在此方面都表现出相应的功能欠缺，水资源问题的解决也必须依赖政府和市场功能的整合。由于水资源具有的独特的自然属性和经济属性，决定在水资源管理体制中应以政府规制为主导，政府规制与市场机制相结合共同促成水资源问题的解决。顺应政府和市场二者功能定位和关系的世界发展趋势：政府和市场由对立与排斥走向功能的整合与互补，水资源管理体制变革必须建立在政府和市场功能的整合与互补的理论基础上，在这一理论基础之上结合我国国情和水资源自身的特点提出我国水资源管理体制变革的指导思想，即在保证政府职能得以有效实施的前提下，充分发挥市场机制的积极作用，建立政府与市场协同合作的机制，在这一思想指导下构建水资源管理体制，是解决我国水资源问题的根本途径。更多还原

【Abstract】 Water resources’ situation is severe in our country at present. China is facing three water resources’ probloms: flood disaster dry and water abense and worsened water environment .Water resources has been the biggest bar to economic development in China The water resources management system has been reformed and perfected in newly revised "water law".directing the problems of the water recources management system formulated by original "water law", The water resources management system of valley management and region management combined and unified management and specific managemen separated have been established in newly revised "water law".But the essence of water resourses management system is still sigle administrative pattern. Water resourses market machanism is not formed in newly resived "water law". The water resources single administrative pattern in reponse to planned economy has not suited to the need of market reform and dealed with severe water problems in China at presentSo the direction of water resources management system reform is market machanism drawed into.The essential cause of water resourses problem rests with the exterior resulted in the defination of water resources property and realization barrier. It is determined by the character of water resources. Gorernment and market are not perfect in this aspect. The settle of water resources problems depands on that government and market are combined. Bacause of the distinctive natural and ecnomic character of water resources, it is need to the settle of water problems that governmental administration is dominant and gorermental administration is combined with market mechanism.in water resources management system. Complying with the world development tendency of government and market’ s function and the relation between governmentand market:from opposition and rejection to fixtion and help each other.The reform of water resources management system must based on the theory of government and market combined. On this theory and considering our country condition and water resources character comes up with the guiding ideology of the reform of water resources management system.The guiding ideology is market mechanism was given free rein to under the premise of government function putted into effect and establishs the mechanism of governmeng and market combined.It is the basic way water resources problems setteled that water resources management system is estanlished under the guiding of this ideology.更多还原