【作者】 于连江；

【导师】 张国财； 庄凯勋；

【作者基本信息】 东北林业大学 ， 林业， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 黑龙江以其完整的生态植被和极为丰富的自然资源而闻名于世，是天然的动植物园，仅野生植物就有2100多种。本文在广泛调查黑龙江野生杀虫植物资源的基础上，发现黑龙江野生杀虫植物共有189种，隶属于64科。在杀虫活性部位上，全株有杀虫活性物质的植物有101种；根、茎有杀虫活性物质的植物有65种，叶、花有活性物质的植物有33种；种子、果实有活性物质的植物有16种。 笔者从野外采集56种杀虫植物，经过分析、鉴定，选取狼毒大戟、走马芹、藜芦等10种杀虫植物，采用索氏提取和微波提取两种方法提取杀虫活性物质，并对杨分月扇舟蛾幼虫进行杀虫效果对比试验。试验结果表明：以乙醇为溶剂，狼毒大戟索氏提取和以水为溶剂微波提取10倍液防治杨分月扇舟蛾幼虫，48h杀虫效果分别为60.0％和32.1％，其防治效果最好。狼毒大戟根、藜芦叶、白屈菜茎叶、东北羊角芹茎叶的提取物对杨分月扇舟蛾均具有较强的毒杀作用。白屈菜、走马芹等植物的提取物对杨分月扇舟蛾具有一定的触杀作用，击倒率相对较高。研究结果为黑龙江杀虫植物的开发与利用，以及生物农药的模拟合成提供理论依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 Heilongjing Province, the natural zoo and arboretum, is famous for its intact ecologically.vegetation and abundant resources in the world. The are more than 2100 kinds of plants in the province. In this study, based on the complete investigation of the resources of the wild.insecticidally.plants in Heilongjiang Province, it is found that there are 189 kinds of wild, insecticidally. plants which are fallen into 64 families. The insecticidal components of 101,65,33 and 16 kinds of plants were found on the whole plants, the roots and stems, leaves and flowers,seeds and fruits respectively.Fifty kinds of insecticidal plants were collected from which 10 kinds of plants including Euphorbia fischriana, Angelica cineta, Veratrum nigrum were distilled with the soxhlet and microwave methods to get insecticidal components.The larve of Clostera anastomosis were controlled by the insecticidal plants to observe the killing effect. The results showed that when ethanol was used as solvent, the diluent of Euphorbia fischriana diluted with 10 times was used to control the.larvae of Clostera anastomosis,the mortality of the larvae were 60.0% and 32.1% with the soxhlet and when ethanol was used as water, microwave methods respectively 48 hours later,which killing effect was the best.The roots of Euphorbia fischriana, leaves of Veratrum nigrum, stem and leavesof Chelidonium majus and Aegopodium alpestre had strong toxic effect on Clostera anastomosis. Chelidonium majus and Angelica cineta had touched killing effect on Clostera anastomosis to some degree. The dropped rate was relatively high. The study provide the theoretical proofs of the exploitation and utilization of insecticidal plants in Heilongjing Province, simulated synthesizing of biological pesticides.更多还原