【作者】 辛勤；

【导师】 吴光；

【作者基本信息】 西南交通大学 ， 环境管理与规划， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 环境容量作为日益稀缺的自然资源，由于产权的不确定性以及由此产生的资源使用的外部不经济性，导致传统市场在配置资源时出现失效现象(表现为污染和环境质量恶化)。排污权交易即是解决环境外部不经济性问题的一项极富特色的市场性刺激手段。论文综合运用多学科的理论和技术，注重经济、社会和环境效益的协调统一，对污染物排放权交易进行了探讨和研究。 论文在分析排污权交易理论的基础上，构建了污染物排放权交易体系结构框架、逻辑关系和PDCA循环运行模式。并对排污权交易的技术规则进行了探讨，包括：排污权初始分配模式和方法的选择；排污权交易市场运作程序；排污权市场交易中，同种污染物排放权交易、不同污染物排放权交易和不同区域污染物排放权交易三种情况下交易量、交易费和交易税的计算方法；排污权总量核算方法；排污权交易体系调控措施。最后以上述理论为基础，对富春江富阳段造纸业主要污染源的COD排放权交易进行了总体设计，并以实例对污染物排放权市场交易三种情况进行分析。结果表明，论文中提出的计算公式较合理可行。 论文旨在为污染物排放权交易政策的制定和体系的设计提供理论基础和技术支持，使这一在许多国家行之有效的污染控制手段为我国的环境保护事业和经济建设服务。更多还原

【Abstract】 Environment capacity, the ability of a specific ecological unit to absorb pollution, is becoming scarce as environment is increasingly under pressure from expanding population and industry. This capacity is itself a "natural resource", which is an unsettled situation as governments negotiate pollution control systems. And the subsequent uneconomical utilization of natural resources has resulted in the inefficiency of allocation of resources in a traditional market, which is reflected as all kinds of pollution and deterioration of environment quality. Therefore emissions trading was proposed as an economic solution to the problem.Taking a view of a government policy-maker on environment protection, this study intends to construct both a theoretical model and a practical design of pollutant emissions trading system with the help of multi-disciplinary theories and techniques, seeking to a unification of economy, society and environmental efficiency.Based oh the analysis of researches on pollutant emissions trading, to establish a theoretical model of emissions trading system: the structure, logical system and PDCA operating mode. Then explore the technological approaches of emissions trading: The choice of the modes and the methods of initial allocation of emissions allowances; The market operating procedure of emissions trading;The calculate formulas of trading amount , trading cost and trading tax under three situations of emissions trading; To probe the checking method of aggregate quantity of emissions allowances; To explore the approaches to adjust and control emissions trading;Based on the theories of pollutant emissions trading, to design a multiple water pollutant emissions trading system for Fuyang section of Fuchunjiang River.The goal of this study is to provide some reference to the establishment of pollutant emissions trading policy in order to attribute to make progress in environment protection and economic development of our country.更多还原