【作者】 姚昌荣；

【导师】 李亚东；

【作者基本信息】 西南交通大学 ， 桥梁与隧道工程， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 近年来，随着我国交通事业的快速发展，需要修建更多的大跨度桥梁以跨越江河海峡等。桥梁跨度越大，其施工难度也越大。对大跨桥梁实施施工过程控制，是确保施工质量和安全的重要环节，是确保成桥状态符合设计要求的重要措施。 大跨度桥梁的施工要经过一个复杂的过程，在此过程中将受到许多确定和不确定因素的影响，导致桥梁结构的实际状态偏离理论计算分析状态。因此，桥梁施工控制的重点就是通过对施工过程中出现的偏差进行分析识别，发现问题并及时进行纠偏，同时对结构的后续阶段进行预测，使施工系统始终处于控制之中。 本文首先对大跨桥梁施工控制的技术方法和技术体系等进行了简单的阐述。针对那些能显著影响桥梁结构计算结果的计算参数，提出了依据施工测量数据运用神经网络技术进行识别的方法，并反馈以指导施工。接下来研究了影响桥梁几何变形的因素，借助灰色系统理论与卡尔曼滤波理论对几何变形进行了预测。论文最后介绍了桥梁的应力控制测试原理，并结合实桥对目前应用较为广泛的钢弦式应力计在混凝土应力测试的误差进行了详尽分析，达到了较高的测试精度。 论文中应用的神经网络参数识别方法、挠度的灰色预测以及卡尔曼滤波预测方法，对大跨桥梁的施工控制有较高的实用价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the rapid development of China’s traffic, more and more long-span bridges are needed to span wide rivers and straits. More long-span, more difficult in construction. The bridge construction control is an essential measure and step to ensure that the quality and safety are obtained during bridge construction, also to ensure that the final structural state is in agreement with what the designer requires.Because of the complicated construction procedure of the long-span bridges, the bridges will be affected by many certain or uncertain parameters. The actual construction state of the bridges might deviate from the state of theoretical design. Therefore, the bridge construction control emphasizes the problem-finding out and error-adjusting in time, and state-predicting for following construction, so as to guarantee the construction system under control all the time.Firstly, this thesis introduces briefly the construction control technologies and systems for long-span bridges. Then an approach identifying the said influential parameters using Back Propagation (BP) neural network is put forward. The method is operated based on construction measuring and its feedback is used to conduct the construction. Thirdly, the Kalman’filtering method and the Gray System theory are applied to forecast the potential structural deformation based on the research of the influential parameters in structural geometric deformation. Finally, the principle of strain measurement is described. Combined with engineering application and case study, several primary factors are analyzed based on theoretical computation and in-situ measuring with the vibrating wire sensor in a PC continuous girder bridge.Both theoretical and experimental study results show that the methods presented in this thesis would be useful to bridge construction control.更多还原