【作者】 高焕兵；

【导师】 金炜东；

【作者基本信息】 西南交通大学 ， 系统工程， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 软件系统的分析和设计是软件生命周期中最关键的环节，一个成功的软件系统必然建立在良好的分析和设计基础之上。 UML(Unified Modeling Language)统一建模语言已受到软件界广泛的关注，它融入了软件工程领域的新思想、新方法和新技术。它的作用域不仅支持面向对象的分析和设计，还支持从需求分析开始的软件开发的过程。研究UML在各个领域的应用是UML的研究目标之一。 本文概述了软件工程的发展和面向对象的设计思想，着重介绍了面向对象的分析与设计。然后介绍了监控系统软件的特点及其发展现状，简要讲述了统一建模语言UML的基本概念和体系结构。全文重点论述了利用UML面向对象的软件设计思想设计开发监控系统软件的过程，并把这一过程分为全局分析、局部分析、全局设计和局部设计四个阶段详细论述。本文在全局分析中定义了拟建系统所采用的架构以及影响构架的要素；在局部分析中选定了几个用例为研究对象，提取了其中的分析类并使用UML顺序图转述了需求场景；在全局设计中，将现有的分析类映射成了模型中的设计元素，明确了适用于拟建系统的设计机制；在局部设计中利用全局设计提供的素材，精化了设计类的属性和操作，然后在不同的局部，用精化后的设计元素替换和落实了系统分析的结果。最后根据这一思想，实现了一套分布式高速公路监控系统软件，并对实现后的系统做了简要介绍。 采用UML进行系统建模已经成为面向对象分析和设计的一种趋势。但是由于UML本身的复杂性以及我国软件产业发展的局限性，UML尚未在我国软件企业中得到充分的重视。本文从理论和实践两个方面对UML在软件系统建模方面的应用进行了研究，所提出的观点对软件开发人员掌握面向对象建模技术具有一定的参考价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 System analysis and design is the most important part in the software life cycle. A successful software system is always based on good analysis and design.UML(Unified Modeling Language) brings great attention in software engineering, it melts into new ideas, new methods and new technology of software engineering. It not only supports object-oriented analysis and design, but also supports the whole process of software development. Researching the application of UML in various fields is one of research goals of UML.The thesis summarizes the design thought of the object-oriented technology and the development of the software engineering, introduces the characteristics of monitoring system software and its development actuality at present, briefly presents the basic concept of the UML. The process of designing monitoring software by use of the object-oriented technology is discussed emphatically. The process is divided into four steps which is called respectively the global analysis, the local analysis, the global design, and the local design. In the global analysis, the architecture and the correlative elements of the system are defined. In the local analysis, some analysis classes are distilled and some UML sequence diagrams are drawn. In the global design, analysis classes are mapped into design elements in the model and the design mechanism of the system is made certain. In the local design, the properties and operations of the design classes are substantiated, then the analysis model is superseded by the design mode1. Then according to this thought, a set of distributed monitoring system software for freeway is realized; finally a brief introduction of the realized system is given.Modeling with UML has become a trend in object-oriented analysis and design. But because of the complexity of the UML and the limit of the software industry in our country, most software enterprises give it deficient attention. This thesis emphasizes the research and implementation of software system modeling based on UML, which maybe help software developers to master object-oriented modeling technology.更多还原