【作者】 南晓岚；

【导师】 李乔； 李青定；

【作者基本信息】 西南交通大学 ， 建筑与土木工程， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 本文对桥梁墩台悬臂顶帽的应力分布、强度和开裂问题，通过工程实例，从四个方面进行了分析研究，即弹性理论分析(规范法)、非线性理论分析(截面有限层法)、有限元分析、实验分析研究。基于桥梁墩台悬臂顶帽内力分布情况复杂、悬臂长度变化范围大、荷载集中等原因，国内外各种规范对悬臂顶帽结构分析方法不尽相同。本论文从工程事例着手，分别用《铁路桥涵钢筋混凝土及预应力混凝土桥涵设计规范》、《公路钢筋混凝土及预应力混凝土桥涵设计规范》、《混凝土结构设计规范》对悬臂顶帽进行强度、抗裂性计算，并运用有限元分析、非线性分析进行验算，最后通过光弹实验和模型实验对结构进行分析。结果表明，当悬臂顶帽的悬臂长度在一定的范围内时，若套用悬臂构件公式计算，计算结果与实验结果差异较大。因而，《铁路桥涵钢筋混凝土及预应力混凝土结构设计规范》、《公路钢筋混凝土及预应力混凝土桥涵设计规范》对桥梁悬臂顶帽，当悬臂顶帽的悬臂长度在一定的范围内时，应给出明确的计算图式及计算方法。对于受力复杂的钢筋混凝土结构，考虑到混凝土的非线性(弹性工作阶段和塑性工作阶段)性质，应对混凝土进行非线性理论分析，并采用大型的计算机软件进行验算。只有这样才能使设计、计算更结合实际，并为悬臂顶帽的设计与施工提供可靠的理论依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 According to the practical engineering examples, the cracking, the strength and the stress distribution of the bridge cantilever pier cap have been studied by using the elastic theory (specifications), nonlinear theory (finite layer of section), the finite element method and the experimental method in this thesis. For the complex stress distribution, large variation and stress concentration of the cantilever, there are some differences in studying the cantilever pier cap structure in different country’s specifications. Meanwhile, through a concrete example the strength and the cracking of the cantilever pier cap have been calculated by using "design specifications of railway reinforced concrete and pre-stressed concrete bridge and culvert", "design specifications of highway reinforced concrete and pre-stressed concrete bridge and culvert" and "design specifications of concrete structure". Finally the structure is analyzed by photo-elastic method and model test. The results calculated show that its value would be very different from the one of the test if we took it as a cantilever member when its length is in a definite range. So we should give a definitive computational method and calculating chart in "design specifications of railway reinforced concrete and pre-stressed concrete bridge and culvert" and "design specifications of highway reinforced concrete and pre-stressed concrete bridge and culvert" for the bridge cantilever pier cap when the cantilever is short. Besides that, we should analyze the concrete in nonlinear theory and check it by finite element software for the complex reinforced concrete structure, considering of its nonlinear characteristic (elastic deformation stage and plastic deformation stage). Only in this way can we make the design and calculation be approaching to the fact and afford the reliable theory for the cantilever pier cap design.更多还原