【作者】 包慧敏；

【导师】 王岩；

【作者基本信息】 内蒙古大学 ， 政治经济学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 1992年之后，随着市场经济在收入分配领域的引入，城镇居民收入差距明显扩大，进而各收入阶层居民的消费行为及消费结构也有了较大差异。了解目前城镇各收入阶层居民的消费行为及消费结构的状况及其变化，对于把握不同收入阶层居民的消费行为，引导消费、引导生产有很大的意义。本文以凯恩斯的绝对收入假说及莫迪利安尼和弗里德曼的持久收入——生命周期假说为基本理论前提，根据我国实际，从分析城镇各收入阶层居民面临的外部环境设定和内在因素设定入手，选择适合城镇各收入阶层居民的消费理论，对其消费行为进行定性描述，再结合相关数据进行了数量分析。分析表明，城镇不同收入阶层居民的消费行为有很大的差别，根据其消费行为特征可分为三类，一类是非常接近凯恩斯消费行为模型的最低、低及中等偏下收入阶层的居民；另一类为较接近凯恩斯的消费行为模型，同时又受不确定性因素影响较显著的中等、中等偏上及高收入阶层的居民；再一类是接近弗里德曼的持久收入消费理论的最高收入阶层居民。在消费结构方面，用朗茨(Lunch)的扩展的线性支出系统模型，分别对七个收入阶层的城镇居民的消费结构进行了数量分析。结果显示，不同收入阶层的各类消费品的边际消费倾向、收入弹性、基本消费支出及其占总支出比重的变动趋势都有一定的差异。因此应对城镇不同收入阶层居民施以不同的政策措施以拉动整个消费。更多还原

【Abstract】 After the year 1992,with the introducing of marketing ecomomy in the area of income distribution, there have been increasing gap in the income of town residents. Moreover differences also appear in the consumption activities and consumption structures of different income levels . Learning the consumption activities and structures of different income levels in the town is quite meaningful to grasp the leveled consumption activities and to direct the consumption and production . According to our country’s practice, the paper, based primarily on Keynesian absolute-income hypothesis and life-circle-permanent-income hypothesis of Modigliani and Friedman, begins with analyzing the outside circumstance and inside factors faced by each income level resident and chooses suitable consumption theory to analyze their consumption actions in quantity and then to use relevant data to analyze them in quality . The analysis shows that there are many differences among different income levels. According to their consuming characteristics, the consumptionactions can be divided into three kinds .The first are those residents with the lowest or lower incomes whose consumption actions come quite close to the Keynesian model. The second are those residents with middle or even better middle and high incomes whose consumption actions only come close to the Keynesian model and at meantime are affected more obviously by uncertain factors. The third are those residents with the highest incomes whose consumption actions come close to the Friedman’s permanent-income consumption theory .In the consumption structure ,the paper use Lanch’s expand-linear-expenditure-system model to operate quantitative analysis individually for the residents’ consumption structure divided into seven incomes groups. The result shows that for the different income groups ,there exist differences of consuming productions in the part of marginal propensity to consume ,incomes elasticity ,base consumption expenditure and its rate changing tendency. So different policies should carried for different income levels in town in order to draw the demand of the whole consumption.更多还原