【作者】 卢慧斌；

【导师】 牛雪平；

【作者基本信息】 内蒙古大学 ， 物理化学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 本文根据《中华人民共和国兽药典》及大量关于中草药的文献资料，选择了九种治疗奶牛乳腺炎常用的中草药——金银花、蒲公英、皂角刺、鱼腥草、木芙蓉叶、陈皮、连翘、板蓝根、黄芩。通过设计正交试验优化每种草药的提取方法，并测试按优化方法所得各草药提取物的抑菌活性。结果表明，金银花、木芙蓉叶、皂角刺、黄芩、陈皮的醇提物对引起奶牛乳腺炎的主要致病菌金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌均有一定的抑制作用；蒲公英、板蓝根的醇提物及皂角刺的水提物只对大肠杆菌有效，而鱼腥草、连翘提取物则对金葡菌有效，证明各病原菌对不同草药提取物的敏感程度不同。 以中医理论为指导，以金银花、蒲公英醇提物为主药，通过有选择地加入其余各草药的提取物，制成1—10~#中草药复配物，通过抑菌试验测试其对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌的抑制作用，并与按三个传统配方共煎所得提取物进行对比，筛选出抑菌活性较好的四个复配物4~#、5~#、7~#、9~#，它们的组成及比例如下： 复配物4~#：金银花、蒲公英、连翘、陈皮提取物以2：3：2：1复配； 5~#：金银花、蒲公英、皂角刺、木芙蓉叶提取物以2：3：2：2复配； 7~#：蒲公英、皂角刺、连翘、陈皮提取物以3：4：2：1复配； 9~#：金银花、皂角刺、鱼腥草、木芙蓉叶提取物以3：4：2：2复配。更多还原

【Abstract】 According to "Veterinary Pharmacopoeia of PRC. " and a great deal of references on Chinese herbs, nine kinds of herbs usually used to treat cow’ s mastitis were chosen, which are Flos Lonicerae, Herba Taraxaci, Radix Isatidis, Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae, Fructus Forsythiae, Spina Gleditsiae, Radix Scutellariae, Hibiscus Mutabilis L. and Herba Houttuyniae. Their optimum extractions were investigated by orthogonal test and antibiotic activity of herbal extracts determined. The results showed that ethanol extracts of Flos Lonicerae, Spina Gleditsiae, Radix Scutellariae, Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae and Hibiscus Mutasilia can inhibit Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli from cows’ mastitis and those of Herba Houttuyniae and Fructus Forsythiae only can inhibit Staphylococcus aureus. Extracts with activity against Escherichia coli are ones extracted with ethanol from Herba Taraxaci and Radix Isatidis and with water from Spina Gleditsiae, In the light of the above-mentioned, it can be concluded that pathogens are different to all kinds of extracts in sensitivity.Under the direction of Chinese Medicine, compounds 1 ?10 were prepared by optionally adding herbal extracts to ethanol extracts of Flos Lonicerae and Herba Taraxaci. Their inhibition to Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli was determined, and compared with extracts of traditional composition. Based on the results, compounds 4, 5, 7 and 9 that have stronger antibiotic activity were sorted out, whose components are as follows:4: Flos Lonicerae: Herba Taraxac: Fructus Forsythiae: Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae 2:3:2:15: Flos Lonicerae: Herba Taraxaci: Spina Gleditsiae: Hibiscus Mutasilia= 2:3:2:2,7: Herba Taraxaci: Spina Gleditsiae: Fructus Forsythiae: Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae=3:4:2:1,9: Flos Lonicerae: Spina Gleditsiae: Herba Houttuyniae: Hibiscus Mutasilia=3:4:2:2.更多还原