【作者】 李晓光；

【导师】 史树森；

【作者基本信息】 吉林农业大学 ， 农业昆虫与害虫防治， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 黄褐油葫芦隶属于直翅目、螽斯亚目、蟋蟀总科、蟋蟀科，是一类不完全变态昆虫，也是一类重要的资源昆虫，具有较高的食用、饲用、药用及观赏娱乐价值，并可进行人工饲养。本试验主要是对黄褐油葫芦人工饲料进行筛选，以期找到一种成本低，营养均衡，适口性好的配方。试验首先是对蛋白源饲料的筛选，并以国外饲养家蟋蟀的饲料配方为对照。根据蟋蟀的营养水平需求，分别以玉米，麦麸为基本饲料，与所选用的8种蛋白源饲料组合，利用规划求解模板设计饲料配方。用所得配方饲喂油葫芦，10天后记录其单体增重与存活率。所得单体增重与存活率经方差分析，筛选出了动物蛋白源Ⅰ、动物蛋白源Ⅱ和植物蛋白源Ⅰ三种高蛋白饲料作为供试蛋白源。将麦麸、玉米、动物蛋白源Ⅰ、动物蛋白源Ⅱ和植物蛋白源Ⅰ作为供试饲料，利用二次正交旋转组合设计饲料配方，分别饲喂低龄、高龄的油葫芦，10天后记录单体增重与存活率，结果经二次正交旋转组合分析，分别求得动物蛋白源Ⅰ、动物蛋白源Ⅱ分别饲养低龄、高龄若虫的二次回归模型及影响因子，根据回归模型进行方差分析、主效应分析以及对所选配方的优化分析，筛选出适合黄褐油葫芦生长期最佳饲料配方范围。求得动物蛋白源Ⅰ与基本饲料组合饲养低龄油葫芦的最佳饲料百分比含量范围为：动物蛋白源Ⅰ 24.1％-34.3％；植物蛋白源Ⅰ 21.5％-25％；麦麸25.9％-21.3％；玉米31.2％-18.3％。求得动物蛋白源Ⅰ与基本饲料组合饲养高龄油葫芦的最佳饲料配方范围为：动物蛋白源Ⅰ 21.4％-32.2％；植物蛋白源Ⅰ 25.8％-26.4％；麦麸22.2％-24.1％；玉米19.2％-21.6％。求得动物蛋白源Ⅱ与基本饲料组合饲养低龄油葫芦的最佳饲料百分比含量范围为：动物蛋白源Ⅱ 21.4％-33％；植物蛋白源Ⅰ 25.8％-28.2％；麦麸31.2％-24.1％；玉米21.6％-14.7％。并对所选饲料配方进行综合评价，结果表明，所选饲料的消化率、食物转化率和食物利用率与对照无显著差异，代谢能高于对照，饲料成本低于对照。更多还原

【Abstract】 Teleogryllus derelictus blongs to Orthoper, Gryllidae, is a kind of insect of gradual metamorphosis. It is a kind of important insect of resource. Its advantages include edible, breed, medical, enjoyed and amused. Its economic efficiency is very huge. Therefore, studies of its artificial diets are very important, which is favorable to development and use of cricket. The experimental purpose is screen a kind of cheap ,balanced nutritional, agreeable to taste the artificial diets of Teleogryllus derelictus,. At first, we have to screen diets of protein source. The formula is designed according to the criterion of nutrition demands of cricket. The basic diets is maize powder, wheatbran mixed animal protein I, II ,III and plant protein I , II ,III respectively. The diets is used to feed cricket and take note average weight and survival rate after ten days. The results show it is no marked difference between different treatment .Therefore, we select animal protein I, II and plant protein I as protein diets. Further more, the experimental diets are wheatbran, maizepowder, animal protein I , II and plant protein I ,it was conducted according to the designs of mixing ratio of square, regressive and orthogonal rotation with three factors: animal protein I / plant protein I (x1), plant protein I/maizepowder(x2),maize powder/wheatbran(x3),there twenty-three kinds diets is feed to low instar, high instar cricket, the model of the weight of per larva and survival rate were built up by statistic analysis. The primary factors affecting the weight of per larva and survival rate were analysed. The optimum scheme was chosen by the optimization technique, and screen ditribution area of the diets that fits grow and survival of cricket.更多还原