【作者】 李晓印；

【导师】 张友顺； 汤国安；

【作者基本信息】 西北大学 ， 地图学与地理信息系统， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 黄土高原生态系统是一个比较脆弱的系统，植被对改善该系统生态环境起着非常重要的作用，利用GIS技术研究黄土高原植被空间格局特征及与相关因子的关系，对指导生产、自然保护以及人类的生存与发展都具有十分重要的意义，同时也是GIS技术应用领域的扩宽，是对GIS与DEM应用的深层次挖掘。本研究在广泛总结前人研究成果与研究经验的基础上，以景观生态学和植被地理学为理论依据，利用GIS软件，以陕西省耀县为实验样区，以1：5万比例尺DEM、1：5万比例尺植被图为样本数据，探索了植被空间格局与地形因子(高程、坡度、坡向等)之间的关系。在此基础上，得出不同地形地貌区的植被分布特征；确定了植被分布受人类干扰的规律性和受径流的影响程度；最后，利用GIS技术，在景观生态学软件FRAGSTATS支持下，得出耀县植被斑块格局分布特征、植被景观异质性、景观指数的高程分异规律、不同地貌区景观指数等。研究结果表明，不同地形地貌区植被的分布状况不同，各种植被因受地形、水份、人类干扰等因素影响而具有一定的分布特征，GIS技术在植被空间分异及景观生态学研究中有很大的应用前景。更多还原

【Abstract】 Vegetation plays an important role in improving ecologic environment, especially in the Loess Plateau where the ecosystem is frail. The application of GIS in investigating the vegetation spatial pattern of the Loess Plateau and its relationship with other factors has significance on guidance of yield, nature protection, and survival of humanity, and contemporarily enlarges the application field of GIS, and a deeper mining of GIS and DEM as well. Based on former research achievements and experiences, applying theories of Landscape Ecology and Vegetation geography, taking Yaoxian county of Shanxi Province, China as the study area and 1:50000 scale DEM, 1:50000 scale vegetation map as the basic data, this dissertation discusses the relationship between vegetation distribution and different terrain factors, such as elevation, gradient, aspect etc., thereby obtains the characteristics of vegetation distribution in various physiognomy areas. Secondly, this dissertation investigates how humanity and flow-off influence vegetation distribution. Finally, supported by FRAG STATS, we obtained vegetation patch pattern, landscape heterogeneity, elevation distribution laws and landscape indices in different terrain areas. Results show not only that vegetation have their respective distribution characteristics since the influence of terrain, moisture, human activity etc. but capture their relation quantitively as well. This research shows that GIS have expansive applying foreground in landscape ecology.更多还原