【作者】 张新军；

【导师】 王家鼎；

【作者基本信息】 西北大学 ， 环境科学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 鉴于铜川地区黄土滑坡地质灾害日趋严重，对地区的经济可持续发展构成了严重制约，急需对黄土滑坡进行系统的研究。本文在详细调查和勘察铜川地区的环境地质、工程地质及气象水文特征的基础上，对黄土滑坡的分布特征和滑坡形成的内外因素进行了深入剖析，认为在各种影响因素中，大气降水和人类工程活动是铜川黄土滑坡的最主要的诱发因素；在采集大量的土样并进行试验的基础上，对黄土的物理力学特征和黄土滑坡形成机理、运动学机理进行了研究，推导出了滑坡运动机理中的孔压参数A_D、B_D分别与孔隙比和饱和度的统计关系。首次用滑带土强度特征与含水量、孔隙比的关系，阐述了铜川典型的低滑面倾角黄土滑坡的低速机理，认为在滑坡滑移过程中，滑带土强度逐渐恢复是降低滑坡滑移速度的一个重要因素。同时提出了铜川地区黄土斜坡稳定性分析的新方法和新途径，即模糊信息优化处理法，以铜川焦坪烈柴公路收费站滑坡为例，对提出的方法进行验证，并与极限平衡法和二维弹塑性有限元分析法作了对比。最后，根据铜川黄土滑坡的特征，总结了针对铜川地区黄土滑坡的防治措施，并对收费站Ⅰ、Ⅱ号黄土滑坡提出了工程治理方案，绘制出施工设计大样图，交付实际实施，产生了较大的社会效益和经济效益。更多还原

【Abstract】 The natural disasters on loess landslides in Tongchuan have been becoming more and more serious, which impose a great barrier to the sustainable economic development of the region. So the systematically study of loess landslides are emergently needed. Based on detailed investigation and survey of characteristics of environmental geology, engineering geology, hydrometeorology in Tongchuan, the distribution characteristic and the outer, inner factor of loess landslides are studied; and it is concluded that the rainfall and artificial engineering activity are the leading causes of loess landslide among various factors. Through plenty of tests of soil samples, it is researched that the loess’s physical mechanics characteristics, the loess landslide’s formation mechanism and kinematics mechanism. The relationship between coefficient (AD,BD) of pore water pressure and degree of saturation, as well as between porous ratio, is regressed using the non-liner regression. With the relations between shear strength of soil of slip band and water content, porous ratio, it is illustrated that the low velocity mechanism of the loess landslides in Tongchuan. And it is concluded that the gradually recovery of shear strength is an important factor of reducing the velocity of the landslides during the sliding process. New slopes stability analysis method in Tongchuan are offered, that is the fuzzy information optimization method, then taking example for Liecai road tollgate landslide, the method is contrast with limit equilibrium method and 2D FEM stability analysis. Finally, on the basis of the characteristics of loess landslides in Tongchuan, the meaning of landslide prevention and cure is illustrated, and the prevention and cure tactics of landslide is summarized. And besides, the engineering schemes to I , II landslides are offered.更多还原