加热炉钢坯温度场可视化研究

【作者】 吴玉成；

【导师】 杨承志；

【作者基本信息】 昆明理工大学 ， 控制理论与控制工程， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 对于钢铁企业来说，钢坯在加热的过程中，对其温度场进行监控是必需的。长期以来，对钢坯温度场的监控主要以温度传感器的数值和人的现场观测为主，这种方式存在着不直观、工作量大、效率较低和过分依赖于人的经验等缺点，最终产品的质量也会受到影响。因此采用更为有效的监控手段成为一个重要的研究方向。 可视化在很多工程领域都有了较好的应用。由于目前的测温技术很难用仪器直接测量出加热炉内被加热钢坯的内部温度，本文采用了可视化技术对钢坯温度场进行虚拟监控，使其直观地反映温度场的状态，并且人通过与计算机交互来参与监控过程，最终实现人机的优化控制，体现了如今控制界提出的“人在系统中”的观点。 利用传热学的知识，建立钢坯温度场分布的数学模型，预报钢坯表面温度和内部温度值；然后，将钢坯在炉内的温度分布情况实时传送给控制系统，以便优化决策，获得炉温的调整。这对于生产工艺的最佳控制和节约能源具有重要意义。在本文中，用有限差分法建立了钢坯内部温度场模型，通过神经网络建模方法建立了钢坯表面温度模型。实验数据表明，该模型能够较为准确地预报了钢坯内部及表面温度场数据。 在上述数学模型及可视化技术的基础上，本文利用OpenGL进行了钢坯温度场的可视化。由于在热力传导中，大量存在着将数值计算及硬件采样所获得的大量数据转化为可视化图像的问题；这一问题与传热学相关学科的可应用于实际中有着密切的联系。因此，本文通过对钢坯温度场中大容量数据进行可视化的初步研究，有重要的工程应用价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 As to steel manufacturers, it’s very important to monitor and control the situation of slab temperatures field. In the long time of past, the main way to monitor slab temperatures field is by values of temperatures transducer and experiences of human, this way is not, claiming much work, low efficiency and over-depended on experience, so, the quality of product will be affected. So, to take the more effective measure for monitoring and controlling become an important research direction.Visual in Science Computing (ViSC) now is successful used in many different science and engineering filed. Refer to slab temperatures field, the inner temperature of slab now can’t be reached or measured by using any instruments. We adopt ViSC to visualize slab temperatures field, it will let us monitor slab temperatures field intuitionisticly, and human can join the control procedure by man-computer intercourse, at last, achieve optimal control. It embodies " human in system" opinion which put forward by control filed nowadays.We use the knowledge of heat transfer to build the mathematics model and solve the temperature field of the slabs; then we can pass the temperature conditions to the control system, and optimize decision-making to adjust the furnace temperature timely. It attaches great importance to optimizing control technics and saving energy. In the paper the writer use the mechanism modeling to set up the inner temperature field of the steel slabs, and use the identification modeling to calculate surface temperature field. The experimental data indicates that the model can predict the temperature fieldBase on the mathematics model, the paper apply the graphics processing software OpenGL to visualize the slab temperature field, so that we resolve the problem of a mass of data and inconvenience in the process of project analysis. This is a novelty of the paper. In heat transfer there are problems in converting a mass of data, which is from numeric calculation and hardware collection, to visual image; These problems have many relations with the applications of heat transfer relevant subject. Therefore, the study of transforming volume data in the temperature field to visual image is of great value in engineering.更多还原