【作者】 文华；

【导师】 徐则民；

【作者基本信息】 昆明理工大学 ， 道路与铁道工程， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 边坡工程涉及到国民经济建设的各个方面，如露天采矿工程、铁路、公路、水利建设、房屋建筑与市政建设等等，它一方面关系到其所维系的各种构筑物的安全与正常使用，另一方面又影响到构筑物的建设成本。随着人口的急速增长和土地资源的过度开发，边坡问题已变成同地震和火山相并列的全球性三大地质灾害之一。 在公路方面，长期以来，路基边坡的治理一直是高速公路建设中的一个薄弱环节，在20世纪80年代中期以前，我国主要以低等级公路建设为主，由于交通量小，线路选择时深挖高填较少，加之投资不大，因而边坡治理工程不作为公路建设的主体工程，甚至在工程中对边坡的治理研究常常被忽视。20世纪80年代以来，随着我国公路建设的飞速发展，边坡稳定性问题日益突出，但由于缺乏对边坡治理技术的系统研究，从而为工程埋下隐患，边坡失稳将造成交通中断，甚至造成巨大的经济损失和不良的社会影响，同时大大增加了后期维护处治费用。因此，对于一个具体的边坡，在选择支挡方案时，如何进行有效地支护，并且尽可能地降低工程造价，即对边坡加固方案进行优化设计，这是需要考虑的首要问题。 本文阐述了各种边坡加固技术的设计原理与适用条件；归纳总结了边坡分类及其加固方案的选择方法；并通过对锚杆(索)作用机理的分析，以锚固角作为关键因子，推导最优化锚固角和最大抗滑力锚固角计算公式；此外运用有限单元法，计算出边坡内部各点的应力、位移和塑性区，用强度折减法对边坡进行稳定性评价。 同时，结合云南某高速公路边坡处治的实际工程，运用上述的理论和方法对K47+475～K47+630右侧边坡加固进行了优化设计，力争做到使用上安全可靠、施工技术上简便可行、经济上合理。更多还原

【Abstract】 Slope engineering relates to all aspects of national economic construction, such as the open air mining engineering, railroad, highway, water conservancy, construction engineering and civil construction. On one hand it determines the safety and in gear use of all constructions which it support, on the other hand it influences the cost of the building. With the quick increasing of population and excess exploitation of land resource, slope problem has been one of the three biggest geological disasters and the other two are earthquake and volcano.The disposal of roadbed and slope is a weakness in freeway construction for a long time. In the metaphase of 1980’s, our highway construction mostly give priority to low grade road. For the low traffic and small investment, deep digging and high filling are infrequent. So slope retaining engineering is not the principal engineering in highway construction and even be neglected. With the rapid development of highway construction, slope stability problem stands out increasingly in recent three decades. But being short of slope retaining research by the numbers, there are a lot of hidden dangers in highway construction. Once slopes lose their stability, the landslide will interrupt the traffic and even result in huge economic loss and bring on bad social influences. At the same time, it will greatly increase the evening slope retaining expense. Therefore, how to reinforce slopes efficiently and try our best to reduce the engineering cost for a practical slope when we select retaining project is very important. In an other word, optimum design for slope retaining project is a principal considered problem.This paper expatiates the design principle and apply condition of all kinds of slope retaining technology; summarizes slope class and the methods how to select slope reinforcement project; indicates the key factor of anchoring angle through the analysis of the anchoring mechanism, deduce the formula for the optimum and the maximum slide resistant anchoring angles respectively; analyze slope stability by finite element method and calculate stress, displacement, plastic zone throughc- reduction algorithm.Furthermore, in combination with a practical slope engineering which lies in one freeway in Yunnan province, this paper use the upper theory and methods to carry out the optimum design for slope reinforcement project for a practical slope which lies the right side of K47+475-K47+630, and try to make this engineering safe, feasible and economical.更多还原