云南大理白族本主文化建筑的形式与理念

【作者】 罗文海；

【导师】 杨大禹；

【作者基本信息】 昆明理工大学 ， 建筑设计及其理论， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 本论文是导师杨大禹教授主持的国家自然基金资助项目“云南地区宗教建筑研究”中的“本主文化建筑”的部分内容。本主--白族独特的民间宗教信仰，是一种吸收了自然崇拜、英雄崇拜、祖先崇拜等内容而形成的村社神崇拜，具有人为的宗教特征，同时也存在较浓厚的原始宗教色彩和浓郁的地方特色，是白族群众中最集中、最广泛的宗教信仰，是大理地区白族最独特、最典型的文化。本主崇拜不仅仅是种宗教信仰，而且对白族日常生活都起到支配作用，具有重要的地位和意义。本主文化建筑不仅是这些聚落和村寨格局的重要组成元素，而且其自身也有着迷人的魅力：生动多样的形态空间、丰富优雅的门楼和戏台、富丽而不失乡土气息的塑像与绘画、绚丽多姿的石窟艺术等。本主文化建筑既是举行宗教活动的地方，又是当地人们日常生活的重要场所，多姿多彩的表象后面更是有丰富的文化底蕴。本主文化建筑在聚落环境、总体布局以及单体建筑等方面反映出浓厚地方特色建筑文化形式和理念，具有典型的研究价值。论文以实例调研和相关文献为基础，探究其中蕴涵的丰富的文化精神层面与物质技术层面的融合，从更深层面来探究本主文化建筑的形式与理念，在更广的范围内认知云南大理本主文化建筑。论文由五部分组成。第一部分介绍本主崇拜的历史沿革及其在白族人民日常生活中所具有的重要地位和意义；第二部分就本主庙的历史沿革、与村落关系、典型布局、建筑类型、风格特征、群体空间、典型实例等进行探析，为全文的主要部分；第三部分对本主庙建筑技术和装饰艺术作一些分析，同时也简要介绍了本主庙的营建仪式：第四部分研究本主庙会习俗活动及其文化象征；第五部分对本主庙及其建筑文化变迁进行研究和展望，同时也介绍了一次本主庙建筑创作尝试。更多还原

【Abstract】 The thesis is a parts of "Benzhu Temple" in "Study of Yunnan’ s Religious Architecture" which is a national subsidized project on NatureScience and it is presided by my tutor pro. Yang Dayu. Benzhu--A Specialreligion and faith in Bai people, which is village agency absolute being that a kind of absorption the nature adoration, hero worships, ancestry adoration etc. Contents but the formation worships, having the artificial and religious characteristic, exsiting primitive religious color, which is the most extensive religion and faith , the most special and typical culture in Bai people .Benzhu worship not only is a religion and faith, but also rises domination function in Bai people daily life. It takes very important position with the meaning. Benzhu architecture not only is an importance that these settlementses constitute the element with the village structure and form, but also turns the building its oneself has got the glamour: Vivid and diverse appearance space, abundant elegant gate and the theatrical stage, the painting and stone cave art etc. Benzhu architecture is not only an important place which hold the religious activity, but also native people daily life. There are lots of meanings behind the form . Benzhu architecture turns to construct to reflect the local special features building culture form in the aspects of settlement environment, total layout and single building etc. It is worthy to research.The thesis is based on surveying and concerned document, in order to recognize Benzhu temple in a deep scale, to analyse the varies types , and to study the cultural heritage for foundation, investigate the spirit among them.The essay is consisted by five parts.The first part introduces the history and development of Benzhu worship ,and it takes an important position in Bai people daily life; The second part introduces the history and development of this Benzhu temple, and analysis Benzhu temple relate to the small village, typical model layout, construct the type, style characteristic, community space and etc. This is the main part of the whole text ;The third part makes some analysis with adornment art to Benzhu temple building technique, introducing the process of building the Benzhu temple;The fourth part studies Benzhu temple custom activity and its culture symbols;The fifth part studies and outlooks the researching to Benzhu temple and its building cultures, and introducing a designing of Benzhu temple.更多还原