城市地理信息系统的软件开发

【作者】 卢水牯；

【导师】 方源敏； 汪虹；

【作者基本信息】 昆明理工大学 ， 矿产普查与勘探， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 城市信息化是关系到国家长远发展的重大问题，其重要性决不亚于水资源问题、粮食问题和土地问题。城市地理信息系统是一种运用计算机软、硬件及网络技术和计算机通信技术，实现对城市各种空间和非空间数据进行输入、存储、查询、检索、处理、分析、显示和更新等操作，以实现城市管理、辅助决策、预测和城市建设工程辅助设计为主要目标的地理信息系统。它把地理位置和相关属性有机地结合起来，能够根据实际需要，准确真实、图文并茂地输出并提供给用户，满足城市建设、企业管理、居民生活对空间信息的需求。同时借助其特有的空间分析功能和可视化表达，进行各种辅助决策。现有的城市地理信息系统建设都是从零起点开始，并且在数据库的建设方面大都是采用各部门自定义的格式，这就造成了大量的重复数据建设投资和数据共享非常困难。因此，建立一个公用的城市地理信息系统(包括数据库编码)可以减少城市数据重复建设，节约投资，加速城市信息化。所以对城市地理信息系统的研究有着极其重要的意义。本文首先研究了城市地理信息系统的发展概况，并对城市地理信息系统对城市发展所带来的巨大成就作了评价；然后分析了目前全国大中城市各部门争先恐后的建立城市地理信息专题应用系统所带来的情况。论文从这些情况着手提出了建立一个公用的城市地理信息系统(包括数据库编码的建立)及其研究的内容。论文从软件工程的角度介绍了城市地理信息系统的开发过程，包括系统的总体设计、数据库设计、编码以及测试等过程。结合开发语言Visual Basic 6、 ESRI公司的Map0bjects和数据库平台SQL．Server2000的优势进行对城市地理信息系统的构造，开发出的系统实现了地图的显示、放大、缩小、漫游、添加专题图等常规的GIS功能；实现了对图元的录入、删除和编辑；实现了对图层(图元)信息的查询统计等功能。系统采用了基于客户／服务器(C／S)方式的关系型空间数据库管理技术、基于部件模型方法的可视化编程技术以及将系统各功能模块化，以此实现了系统的快速开发和代码再利用的目的。更多还原

【Abstract】 Urban information change is an important problem relation to our country long time development, it’s importance nothing less than water resource problem, food provision problem and soil employ problem. Urban Geography Information System is a kind of special information technique to exert computer’ s software, hardware, network and communications technique, and to realize urban special data and non-special data input, store, inquire, searches, deal with, analyze, display, updating, urban-management, assistant decision-making, forecast, urban construct. It unite geographic position and correlation property very good, according to consumer’s real demand, it can offer consumer a kind of precision and reality ’ s information, to satisfy urban construct, corporation management, resident living. And in virtue of it’s special space analysis and visual expression can deal with lots of assistant decision-making. But up to now, most of systems begin with nothing, and in database construct aspect, because different departments adopt vary file format, it make lots of data repeat construct and data communion is very difficult. Accordingly, construct a public Urban Fundamental Geography Information System (include database coding) can reduce urban data repeat construct, saving money, accelerate urban information change. So studying Urban Fundamental Geography Information System has a very important signification.With the beginning of studying development about Urban Geography Information System, and appraise it give urban development a great achievement; and then analyse lots of these systems bring some problem constructed by most departments in our countrywide urban. This dissertation bring forward to building a public Urban Fundamental Geography Information System (include construct database coding) and it ’s study contents. The dissertation introduces development progress of this system in the aspect of software project, and it includes collectivity design, database design, encoding and test, etc. Take advantage of Visual Basic 6, ESRI ’ s MapObjects and SQL Server2000construct Urban Fundamental Geography Information System. Also this system obtained provides normal GIS functions, Such as map display, zooming in, zooming out, panning, and addition of special graph. Furthermore, other functions, like map-data input, delete and edit, placename statistic map or map-data, will be in the charge of this system. By making use of special database technology based on the mode of Client/Server relationship, the system adopts visual program technology of component model and integrates module models of this system’ s function, which imposed on the system is to achieve swift exploitation and compound use.更多还原