基于TRIZ理论Giant Cam的创新设计研究

【作者】 张天会；

【导师】 徐人平；

【作者基本信息】 昆明理工大学 ， 机械设计及理论， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 经济竞争已成为世界各国竞争的焦点和世界发展的重要推动力，竞争的核心是以知识为基础的新产品的竞争。因此新产品的开发是企业确保市场优势、维持企业生存和发展的重要机能。 传统的创新设计方法是试错法，试错的过程类似于艺术家的艺术创作，主要取决于灵感和经验。而TRIZ理论认为创新设计存在解决问题的一般规律，TRIZ是基于知识的解决概念设计阶段创新设计问题的有力工具，采用TRIZ设计方法对整个制造业的产品创新设计有重要的意义。 本文利用TRIZ创新设计理论，对Giant Cam产品概念设计进行创新设计的基础上，对TRIZ理论、Giant Cam概念设计阶段的设计、Giant Cam产品结构的计算机辅助设计和建模、数据交换标准、产品工程数据库系统的建立进行了研究。 在Giant Cam概念设计阶段的创新设计过程中，对Cam产品的特点和Cam产品的进化进行分析，得出Cam产品的进化定律为：产品零部件的不均衡发展，其进化路线是产品向着增加自动化减少人工介入方向进化。通过对原有Cam产品的技术成熟度进行预测，预测出Cam产品的性能参数已处在S-曲线上的成熟期，确定Cam产品需要创新。分析了实施Giant Cam产品创新设计的设计矛盾是技术矛盾，用TRIZ标准参数表示为：希望提高的技术参数是TRIZ通用工程参数中的No.10“力”，导致技术参数恶化的是TRIZ 39个通用工程参数中的No.25“时间的浪费”。根据这一对技术矛盾，在TRIZ矛盾矩阵中解决本问题所推荐的发明原理有四种。结合Giant Cam创新设计中的设计问题，对推荐的这四种发明原理进行分析，采用No.5“合并”发明原理可解决Giant Cam创新设计的设计问题。并结合设计约束设计了Giant Cam系列产品工作面宽度为1000mm的产品，工作角度有0、10、20、30、40、50、60度共七种产品的概念原型。TRIZ创新设计方法使设计人员对设计过程有可操作性，并对设计过程有可预见性，使设计过程有规律可循，特别对于缺乏设计经验的设计人员，可以在很短的时间内得到产品创新设计的设计方案。因此采用TRIZ创新设计理论对产品概念设计阶段进行创新设计，可以加快产品创新的周期，提高产品创新水平，增强产品的市场竞争力。有效地解决了Giant Cam产品创新设计中的问题，避免采用传统试错法带来的弊端。 通过对计算机辅助设计的建模方法和建模软件的分析，综合考虑软件的功能、成本以及所匹配的硬件要求等问题的情况下，选择能全面表达产品信息的建模方法和建模软件501 idworks进行Giant Cam的结构设计。提出产品的外形模型概念，以便供客户或企业决策人员了解产品的外形和进行功能试验。并在选择的Solidworks软件中进行了其它Caln产品模型的建立。 为了使产品的数字模型能被多个部门或其它用户在后续的分析、模拟仿真等过程中继续应用，对产品模型数据交换接口进行了应用研究。对于二维工程图采用DXF作为产品数据交换标准;对于曲面复杂的产品模型采用IGES作为产品模型的数据交换标准;对于曲面不复杂的产品模型，优先采用STEP作为数据交换标准。并采用sTEP作为中性文件对Giant caln和其它caln产品从s。lidworks中输入到UG、CATIA、I一DEAS系统中。 在windows 2000操作系统下开发了Giant cam工程数搪的管理软件，实现了Giant Cam工程数据的计算机化管理，可以完成对标准数据、产品数据的查询、添加、修改、删除、统计等工作，并与绘图软件有相应的接口，进入绘图软件中进行设计工作。由于图形数据占用的存储空间较大，在对工程数据的几何和非几何数据实行分开存放和管理。对于非几何数据以数据记录的形式相关联地存储在数据库中，对于几何数据以文件的形式按层次关系存储在其它物理地址上。 本文对Giant Caln概念设计阶段采用TRIz创新设计方法，在较短的时间内就设计出Giant Caln的概念原型，加快产品创新的周期，提高产品创新水平，增强产品的市场竞争力。在分析选择数字建模方法、建模软件和数据交换标准，并建立工程数据库系统的基础上，对GiantC柳在详细设计阶段采用计算机辅助设计方法的应用，提高了产品的设计效率，缩短产设计周期，有效传递产品的模型数据，使产品的信息能在整个生命周期内共享，使计算机管理代替人对产品的工程数据进行管理，提高了管理效率。更多还原

【Abstract】 The economical competition has become the international competitive focus and important impetus. The development for new product is important for enterprise having market advantage.The "trial and error" method is well known in traditionally creative design and in scientific investigations. This process is similar to artist’ s invention, and primarily decided by the inspiration and experience. While TRIZ thought creation is not inspiration, and has laws for solving problems. TRIZ is a powerful tool solving creative design in product concept design. In manufacturing, TRIZ is significant to creative design for developing product.In this paper, during the creative design of Giant Cam product, TRIZ theory is adopted in concept design, so does CAD in detailed design. Many research works are done such as TRIZ theory, the creative design in concept design of Giant Cam, the detailed design and modeling, data exchange, Engineering Database.During the creative design, firstly the product’ s characteristic and evolution are to be analyzed. Then the system technology has to be forecasted to make sure if the product needs innovation. If it needs innovation, then design contradiction is analyzed. If it belongs to technical contradiction, then using TRIZ "39 standard features" to describe this contradiction and in matrix-table selecting suggested inventive principles. If the suggested inventive principles do not solve the problem, then design contradiction is analyzed again. If design contradiction belongs to physical one, then analyzing it’ s type and selecting separating principles. Then according to the process of solving technical contradiction to solving physical problem. After using TRIZ tools to carry out in the creative design of Giant Cam, a series of Giant Cam are created whose working width is 1000mm and working angle has O?10? 20?30?40?50?60 degrees. It is effective to solve the problem in creative design avoiding the disadvantage using "trial and error* method.On the basis of modeling Giant Cam, the method of modeling is discussed, so does the selection of software. The concept of Template is put forward. The Template is only for customer or RD to see product’ s shape or to carry out functional test. The Solidworks system is selected to model Giant Cam and other Cams.In order to keep the CAD models to be used for other people or for CAE, CAM software, it is required to select appropriate file of data exchange. For drawings, it is recommended to use DXF as file of data exchange; for models having complicated surface, using IGES; for models not having complicated surface, using STEP. Using STEP as data exchange standard, the models of Giant Cams and other Cams are converted from SolidWorks to UG? CATIA?I-DEAS.In this thesis, the managing system for product engineering database is developed in Windows 2000. In this software, it can be accomplished to browse data, append data, delete data and modify data. Moreover it has interface to SolidWorks system. In this system, product non-geometric and geometric data are to be stored and managed separately. For non-geometric data, it is stored relevantly in database. For geometric data, it is stored in computer’ s physical address in files according to the type of product.Adopting TRIZ tools to carry out the creative design of Giant Cam, the concept prototype is obtained in short time. So using TRIZ tools, it can shorten periods of product innovation, increase level of product innovation, enhance the product competitive. Through the application of adopting CAD for detailed design, it can be concluded that the CAD system can increase the efficiency in detailed design, shorten design time; that selecting appropriate data exchange file can effectively transfer product data; thatmanaging system for product engineering database can increase the efficiency for managing the engineering database of product.更多还原