湿陷性黄土地区建筑物迫降纠偏的理论与实践

【作者】 张贵文；

【导师】 朱彦鹏； 宋彧；

【作者基本信息】 兰州理工大学 ， 结构工程， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 中国西北地区大部分土质为湿陷性黄土，这些地区修建的多层建筑物和构筑物有些由于地下管线漏水、室外排水措施不当等原因而造成地基土发生不均匀沉降，使建筑物和构筑物出现倾斜。为了保证这些建筑物和构筑物的安全和正常使用，应使其倾斜得到纠正。针对湿陷性黄土地区经常采用的迫降法来说，单从工程应用的角度看，许多纠倾方法在大多数情况下能够达到预期目的，但从理性分析的角度看，这种方法以纯经验处理为基础，缺乏相应的理论指导，以定性分析作为技术处理的唯一依据，缺少定量计算的技术过程，存在着一定的盲目性。工程实践已经证明，传统的纠倾加固技术在工程应用中难免会出现费工费时或返工等现象，甚至会适得其反，产生将迫降纠倾加固对象拆除的不良后果。本论文针对地处自重湿陷性黄土地区的建筑物和构筑物的迫降纠倾进行了模型试验研究，给出了自重湿陷性黄土地区建筑物迫降纠倾时1)地基应力解除、附加应力与建筑物倾斜量、沉降量及土体应力变化的关系；2)附加应力与建筑物倾斜量、沉降量及土体应力变化的关系；3)建筑物倾斜量、沉降量与孔内注水量的关系；4)建筑物倾斜量、沉降量与孔径和孔间距的关系；5)土体应力变化与孔内注水量、孔直径的关系。希望通过湿陷性黄土地基上建筑物纠倾的模型试验研究初步解决湿陷性黄土地基上建(构)筑物纠倾的理论问题以指导工程应用。更多还原

【Abstract】 Collapsible loess areas are widely distributed in Northwest China, where a lot of shallow foundations of buildings were constructed. As time went by, uneven settlement occurred to some of these buildings because of the pipe leakage or rainwater soakage. To ensure safely usage of these buildings rectification must be taken .In allusion to the forced settlement on collapsible loess, by many rectifying methods some anticipative purpose can be obtained in some situations only for project applications, but this method is based on knowledge of experience, there is lack of corresponsive theoretical guidance, the qualitative analysis is considered as the only basis of technical treatment, therefore it lacks of technical process of the quantitative calculation and has some indecisive property. Approved by some engineering practices, conventional rectified and reinforced technology will unavoidably bring into some phenomena of taking time and a lot of trouble, and indeed just the opposite to what one wishes, will come forth fatal consequence that the rectified and reinforced objects must be dismantled. In this paper, model experiment research was carried, of which was based upon the forced settlement and rectification measure of some buildings on self-weight collapse loess area. At the same time, some conclusions are drawn: 1) the relationship between the soil stress deliquesce and quantity of slope, quantity of settlement of buildings and stress variety of soil body; 2) the relationship between the superimposed stress and quantity of slope, quantity of settlement of buildings and stress variety of soil body; 3) the relationship between quantity of slope, quantity of settlement of buildings and water injection quantity in hole; 4) the relationship between quantity of slope, quantity of settlement of buildings and diameter and interval of hole; 5) the relationship between stress variety of soil body and water injection quantity in hole and interval of hole. Through the experimental study for rectification model on collapsible loess ground, some theoretic problems of rectification of buildings are basically resolved for collapsible loess ground.更多还原