并流沉淀法制备纳米氧化锌的工艺研究

【作者】 王胜；

【导师】 王玉棉；

【作者基本信息】 兰州理工大学 ， 材料学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 纳米氧化锌与普通氧化锌相比，显示出诸多特殊性能(如压电性、荧光性、无毒和非迁移性、吸收和散射紫外线能力等)和用途(如用于压敏电阻、压电材料、气体传感器、图象记录材料、磁性材料、紫外线屏蔽材料、高效催化剂和光催化剂等)。因此对纳米氧化锌制备的理论研究和应用研究相对较多。 本课题以工业废渣锌浮渣为原料就纳米氧化锌的制备做了深入研究。对比直接沉淀法、均匀沉淀法、并流沉淀法纳米氧化锌，确定工艺流程，然后通过一系列实验对起始硫酸锌溶液浓度、PH值、表面活性剂种类、表面活性剂添加方式、表面活性剂加入量、底液浓度、并流滴加速度、反应温度、反应时间、沉淀剂种类、洗涤方式、干燥温度、煅烧温度等影响因素进行优化选择，寻找出并流沉淀法制备纳米氧化锌的最佳工艺条件，在此基础上采用了超声波技术、微波技术和添加表面活性剂进行表面包覆技术，制备了高分散、低团聚、高活性、单分散的纳米氧化锌。并对制得的纳米氧化锌用X-射线衍射仪测试物相结构分析；扫描电子显微镜(SEM)测出颗粒的形貌和尺寸；透射电子显微镜(TEM)测出颗粒的形貌和尺寸；差热分析前驱体晶型的转变温度；红外光谱谱图测定粒子的表面有机物包覆；EDTA滴定法测定氧化锌的含量；粒度分析仪分析粒度的分布范围等进行表征。 纳米氧化锌制备的研究不仅为锌冶炼厂开发新的高档次产品，成为新的经济增长点之一，而且为充分利用二次资源(工业废渣锌浮渣)寻求了新的开路，对企业实现可持续发展，达到节能降耗具有积极的促进作用，特别是充分利用锌资源，提高综合利用的水平，保护环境等方面，具有较高的战略意义更多还原

【Abstract】 Compared with nanometer ZnO and commom ZnO, nanometer ZnO has more special capability ,such as piezoelectricity, fluorescence, no-transplant, and the capability of absorb and scatter ultraviolet radiation, nanometer ZnO is used to the material that piezoelectricity resistance, piezoelectricity material, gas sensor, recording image material, catalyzer etc. Therefore , more studies are focused on the theory analysis and application of the nanometer ZnO.We had gone deep into study and successly prepared nanometer-size ZnO based on paralled flow precipitation method with Zincdross. We analysis and compare the abuse of some kinds of liquid phase method of producing nanometer-size ZnO and then make certain the craftwork. We confirm the furthest condition on the base of paralled flow precipitation method. At the same time, we prepared nanometer ZnO by adoption the technology of ultrasonic, microwave and surface-coated. Nanometer ZnO is high disperse, low reunite, high alive and single by above method. Product’s pure is high by XRD analyzed. Product is sphericity and size about 40nm by SEM and TEM inspected. The decompose temperature of precursor is 400C TG analyzed. The nanoparticles surface-coated with dispersant by IR analyzed.Prepared nanometer-size ZnO based on paralled flow precipitation method with Zincdross. In this progress we used the technology of ultrasonic, microwave and surface-coated. Granularity is thin, distributing is narrow, disperssing is fine. Especially the technics need not highness equipment and may easily industrialization.The study of prepared nanometer-size ZnO not only open up new product but also find out a new way of utilizeation of Zincdross. Especially, this progress has high stratagem in using resource of zinc , advance level of utilize and protecting circumstance更多还原