超常规轴流式转轮叶片水力设计方法研究

【作者】 刘有余；

【导师】 敏政；

【作者基本信息】 兰州理工大学 ， 流体机械及工程， 2004， 硕士

【副题名】基于VB的低比转速轴流定桨式转轮CAD开发

【摘要】 我国很多轴流定桨式水电站，在枯水期因流量过小无法发电而被迫停机弃水。该项研究希冀通过另外装备一个与现有机组过流通道及转速兼容的、适用于枯水期小流量的低比转速轴流定桨式转轮来解决这一问题。由于轴流定桨式水轮机容量较小，其在特定条件下的减容改造问题不易引起有关部门的重视，因而这项工作在国内外很少有人从事。由于设计条件的特殊性，在研究设计方法过程中，论文基于传统设计理论，对引用的一些基本规律做了一定改进，在具体设计过程中，对经验参数的选择方法做了一定探索，研究与探索运用奇点分布法设计低比转速轴流式转轮叶片；传统的设计工作全部由人工完成，无法满足当今社会科技生产发展的需要，因此论文开发了一套具有人机对话界面良好特点的低比转速轴流式转轮CAD软件。论文的主要内容有：1) 深入分析很多轴流定桨式水电站枯水季节小流量下不能发电的主要原因，提出减容改造方案，并指出超常规条件下的改造设计特点。2) 结合国情及行业发展需要，参考现有资料、文献和前人的研究成果，进行低比转速轴流式转轮叶片水力设计方法的研究，对轴流式转轮叶片的奇点分布法水力设计进行了全面的探索，结合现代计算机技术，找到了一种针对特殊条件的轴流式转轮叶片水力设计方法。3) 仔细比较多种AutoCAD二次开发工具后，结合本课题的特点，选用Visual Basic语言，综合应用软件工程的设计思想，进行低比转速轴流式转轮叶片水力设计软件的编制，为系统设计了直观、简洁和标准的Windows人机对话界面，便于用户操作；编程时在考虑到设计条件特殊性的同时，尽量做到程序的通用性，使之可用于解决同一类问题；另外，大部分程序还可移植到普通轴流式转轮叶片水力设计中，具有良好的适应性。4) 利用ActiveX Automation技术与AutoCAD接口，对AutoCAD进行二次开发，在AutoCAD下实现水力图的自动生成和编辑，直至输出符合实际工程要求的木模图。5) 通过算例，为多哇水电站设计了一个低比转速轴流定桨式转轮，解决其在枯水期小流量下不能发电的问题。更多还原

【Abstract】 The distribution of rainfall isn’ t even in much of our country. In some season the volume of flow is decreased so much that cannot propel hydraulic turbine, which is a widely problem faced by many propeller turbines. The best measures to resolve the problem is designing a runner with lower specific speed. The new runner must be suited to current speed and channel. For the capacity of propeller turbine is often small, people pay little importance on the transformation of reducing capacity under specified conditions. So, nowadays little research mentioned above has been developed.For the particularity of the designed factors, the author has improved the traditional theory, and has fined an available Method of singular point distribution. At present, no one has developed CAD hydraulic design software of lower specific speed axial flow runner in our country. In general, the design work with traditional measures is done by hand, which cannot meet the needs of the technology and manufacture. So the author has developed a CAD hydraulic design software fit for lower specific speed axial flow runner, which is easily operated by users.The main research work of this paper is as follows:1) Analyzing the main reason of axial flow power station cannot work well under littler volume of flow in some season and putting forward an improving scheme, pointing out the characters of design under abnormal factors.2) Combined with the development of the industry in our country, the abnormal hydraulic design method of propeller turbine is discussed based on present literature, data and experiment results.3) Guided by the design method of software engineering, a suit of hydraulic design software of Lower Specific Speed Axial Flow Runner is programmed by the object-oriented programming language Visual Basic and a straightforward, concise and standard Windows human-computer dialogue interface is designed for the system, which makes the operation of the system very convenient.4) ActiveX Automation technology is adopted as the interface with AutoCAD and the hydraulic drawings are edited, modified by AutoCAD until hydraulic model drawings according with the demand of engineering practice are output.5) To resolve practice problem, the author has designed a lower specific speed axial flow runner for Duowa Power Station through an example.更多还原