【作者】 刘冰；

【导师】 殷立春；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 世界经济， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 物流是适应现代经济的日益复杂和发展而产生的一种经济现象。而我国的真正意义上的物流业才刚刚起步，有些方面存在着这样那样的问题。物流是对货物、服务及相关信息从起源地到消费地的有效率、有效益的流动和储存进行计划、执行和控制，以满足顾客要求的过程。该过程包括进向、去向、内部和外部的移动以及以环境保护为目的的物料回收。物流是“第三利润源泉”。全文共分为五个部分：第一部分 物流的基本概念及发展趋势这一部分主要介绍了物流的内涵和概念产生的历史及演变。物流是对货物、服务及相关信息从起源地到消费地的有效率、有效益的流动和储存进行计划、执行和控制，以满足顾客要求的过程。企业第一利润源泉来自于企业销售额的增加，第二利润源泉是来自于生产成本（对制造商而言）或者进货成本（对流通业者而言）的降低，而由物流部门降低成本所得的利润则是企业第三利润源泉。物流进入全球化发展时代并转向消费者。物流越来越注重社会效益，追求附加价值，在技术上趋向信息化、电子化、高科技化。 第二部分 日本物流的发展历程和主要经验 日本是物流最发达的国家，其物流业的发展大致经历了六个阶段，即：萌芽时期；发展的初期；开始受到重视的时期；经济舞台上唱“主角”的时期；国际物流成为了新的课题时期和把物流问题置于首要地位的时期。其主要经验是：1、建设大型物流基地和物流设施；2、发展多层次的物流系统网络；3、流通高度社会化；4、健全的物流管理体制。 第三部分 日本物流面临的问题及企业对策八十年代后期以来，日本在物流管理方面都遇到了一些困难：1、物流服务的复杂性加剧；2、频繁而小批量送货的影响；3、劳动力不足和地价上<WP=46>涨。日本物流企业采取了创新物流战略与开发分销渠道的对策。第四部分 IT革命对日本物流的影响IT新技术在物流领域中得到了应用。本文先后介绍了ERP（综合业务管理系统）、 QR（快速反应系统）、ECR（高效率的消费者应对系统）、POS（销售时点实时控制系统）和CRP（自动连续补货系统）在物流中的应用，并得出了IT物流改变了日本物流这个结论。第五部分 借鉴日本物流业发展经验，大力推进我国物流业发展我国的真正意义上的物流业才刚刚起步，有些方面存在着这样那样的问题。日本先进的物流技术毫无疑问给我国的物流发展提供有利的素材和借鉴：1、制造业物流是物流的一个重要组成部门；2、物流中心是物流发展的中心环节；3、一个物流基地的建设要和当地经济发展的实际情况相结合；4、标准化和信息化是现代物流的基础；5、人才是发展现代物流的关键。更多还原

【Abstract】 Logistics complicated day by day developing but a kind of economic phenomenon that produce. And the real logistics industry of our country has just started, some respects have the problem that so such. Logistics efficient, profitable flow and storage plan, carry out and control, in order to meet the course of customer’s request. Include not entering course to, go to, inside retrieve external movement and the supplies not taking environmental protection as purpose. The logistics is " the third profit source ". The full text is divided into five parts altogether: First part The basic conception of the logistics and development trend Part this introduce intension and history and development that concept produce of logistics mainly. Logistics efficient, profitable flow and storage plan , carry out and control, In order to meet the course of customer’s request. The first profit source come from the increase of enterprise’s sales amount in enterprises, the second profit source is the reducing coming from the production cost (as for manufacturer ) or the purchasing cost (as for circulation industry person ), Lower costs by logistics department profit of income enterprise third profit source. The logistics enters globalization development era and turns to consumers. Logistics pay attention to the social benefit more and more, pursue additional value, is tending to informationization, electronization, high technicalization technically. Second part The development course of Japan’s logistics and main experience Japan is the most developed country of logistics, the development of its logistics industry has roughly gone through six stages, namely: Embryonic period; Initial stage developing; Begin the period paid attention to; Sing " protagonist "’s period on the economic stage; The international logistics has become new subject period and puts the logistics question in the period of the space of top prominence. Its main experience is: 1, Build the large-scale logistics base and logistics facility; 2, Develop the multi-level logistics system network; 3, Circulation is highly socialized; 4, Sound logistics management system. <WP=48> The third part The problem that Japan’s logistics faces and enterprise’s countermeasureSince later stage of the eighties, Japan had some difficulties in logistics management: 1, Complexity aggravation of the logistics service; 2, Frequent and influence that the short run deliver goods; 3, The workforce is insufficient and the price of land go up. Logistics enterprises of Japan have adopted innovative logistics strategy and countermeasure of developing the distribution channel. The fourth part IT revolutionary impact on Japanese logisticsIT new technology got application in the logistics field. This text introduced ERP successively ( the administrative system of integrated service), QR (fast reaction system), ECR (high-efficiency consumers should be to the system), POS (some real-time control systems while selling ) and application in the logistics of CRP (mend the goods system automatically in succession ), draw IT logistics change these conclusion , logistics of Japan ,.The fifth part Use for reference Japanese logistics industry develop experience, advance the development of logistics industry of our country in a more cost-effective manner The real logistics industry of our country has just started, some respects have the problem that so such. Whether Japan advanced logistics technology provide favorable material and reference for logistics development of our country undoubtedly. 1, The logistics of manufacturing industry is a important composition department of the logistics; 2, The logistics centre is a key link of logistics development; 3, The construction of a logistics base should combine with actual conditions of local economic development; 4, The standardization and informationization are foundations of the logistics service; 5, Talents are the key to developing logistics service.更多还原