【作者】 陈红；

【导师】 郑贵廷；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 国民经济学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 本论文的研究目的是通过对我国目前汽车信贷市场的基本现状的了解以及对影响其发展的因素和存在的主要问题的分析，提出解决问题的建议，最终达到进一步开拓我国汽车信贷市场、促进消费、推动国民经济增长的目的。一、汽车信贷市场的基本情况从全球汽车信贷市场的基本情况来看，我国目前贷款购车的比例相对较低，拓展汽车信贷市场将有利于经济协调发展。与国外汽车财务公司占市场主导地位不同，我国现阶段汽车消费信贷市场的经营主体主要是商业银行、保险公司、财务公司，竞争主体主要是银行、汽车经销商、汽车企业财务公司，其中商业银行占绝对主导地位。现阶段的汽车消费信贷模式也很单一，主要有以银行为主体的直客模式、以经销商为主体的间客模式和以非银行金融机构为主体的间客模式三种。二、汽车信贷市场的发展状况国外汽车信贷市场兴起于二战后的西方国家，现已发展得相当完善，而我国则起步较晚，九十年代才开始。我国汽车信贷市场的发展大致经历了三个阶段，即起始阶段、发展阶段和竞争阶段。随着我国加入WTO，国际汽车金融巨头在巨大的市场前景的诱惑下，纷纷介入中国汽车金融市场，汽车金融公司的出现使中国的汽车信贷市场将在多方的推动下进入快速发展时期。三、影响汽车消费信贷的因素我们从借款方、贷款方和外部环境三方面研究影响汽车消费信贷的因素。借款方因素主要有：消费成本因素、贷款手续因素、消费意识因素。<WP=53>贷款方因素主要有：贷款对象因素和产品服务因素。外部环境因素主要有：政策环境因素和个人征信制度因素。四、我国汽车信贷市场存在的问题目前，我国汽车消费信贷市场存在的主要问题体现在以下五个方面：第一，汽车消费市场容量有限，由于汽车购买价格和其他税费过高，而居民货币收入水平提升缓慢以及预期收支等因素，制约了汽车消费信贷的发展；第二，消费信贷经营方式落后，表现为经营主体和信贷产品单一，贷款成本高、手续繁杂，贷款风险较大；第三，相关政策法规不完善，宏观经济政策不配套；第四，个人征信制度缺失，公众缺乏信用意识；第五，传统消费意识障碍。五、发展汽车消费信贷市场的必要性和可行性大力发展汽车消费信贷有以下几个显著作用：汽车消费信贷可以促使居民现实消费的迅速提升；汽车消费信贷可以促进产业规模的迅速扩张；汽车消费信贷可以发挥“乘数”效应促进经济增长；汽车消费信贷可以强化汽车企业的竞争能力；汽车消费信贷可以健全国内个人的信用制度；汽车消费信贷能够推动我国汽车文化的积累和形成。从对未来汽车信贷市场的宏观分析，大力发展汽车信贷市场已经具备了以下的客观条件：第一，国民经济的发展为汽车工业的发展奠定了基础；第二，居民消费能力和消费倾向是我国汽车工业发展的直接动力；第三，公路的发展为扩大居民汽车消费提供了基础条件；第四，城市的发展和城市交通的进步能支持汽车消费的扩大；第五，汽车尾气污染不会制约汽车消费的扩大；第六，国家即将出台改善汽车消费环境的政策，这将推动汽车消费高潮的早日来临。通过以上分析可以得出结论：大力发展汽车信贷市场对我国整体经济发展具有明显的良性推动作用。而且，大力发展汽车信贷市场已经具备了坚实的客观条件和广阔的市场前景。 <WP=54>六、发展汽车消费贷款的建议针对汽车消费贷款存在的问题，提出如下建议： 1、培育消费信贷市场。主要措施有：鼓励和规范发展中低档车，适应消费者需求；进一步发展经济，提高居民收入水平，从源头上培育汽车消费信贷业务的增长点；健全相关配套措施，改善汽车消费环境；培育二手车交易市场，扩大汽车消费的总体规模。2、提高信贷服务水平。首先要细分汽车消费贷款市场，确定消费群体。其次，有针对性地制定灵活的营销策略，满足不同消费对象的需求。最后，提供多元化的汽车消费信贷服务方式。3、强化风险防范机制。包括：建立严格的审查制度，严格审查借款人的资质与信用及其申请贷款的真实用意，以防止汽车消费贷款的欺诈行为；建立风险管理体系，确立风险管理意识，加强与汽车管理部门的密切合作，建立和完善内部管理约束机制，进一步完善相关的技术手段；加大内控监管力度，保障汽车消费信贷业务的有序展开；提高人员队伍素质，更新思想观念，加强学习，依法办事。 4、实行征信制度，完善社会信用体系。包括建立社会信用评估机构、建立个人信用担保制度和实行个人信用奖惩制度等方面。5、建立和完善有关的法律制度。应建立与信用体系配套的法律制度以及进一步完善《汽车消费信贷管理办法》。更多还原

【Abstract】 The study purpose of the paper is to present the suggestions of problem resolution through understand of basic status of present automobile credit market in our country and the analysis on main affecting factors and existing problems， finally attain the purpose of further exploiting automobile credit market in our country， promoting consumption and forcing growth of national economy.I. The Basic Status of Automobile Credit MarketFrom the basic situation of automobile credit market all over the world， the present proportion of credit for automobile purchase in our country is comparative low. It will be good for harmonious development of economy to expand automobile credit market. It is different from overseas automobile account company that lies in dominant position. The managerial subjects of automobile consumption credit market at present phase in our country are mainly commercial bank， insurance corporation and account company. The competitive subjects are mainly bank， automobile dealer， automobile enterprise’s account company， in which commercial bank lies in absolutely dominant position. The credit mode of automobile consumption at present is quite single， mainly including three modes: mode of direct-consumer taking bank as subject， mode of indirect-consumer taking dealer as subject and mode of indirect-consumer taking non-bank financial mechanism as subject.II. Developing Status of Automobile Credit MarketExternal automobile credit market rises from western countries and now has developed quite perfect. Yet our country’s starts late from 1990s. The development of automobile credit market in country has roughly experienced three phases， i.e. initiative phase， developing phase and competitive phase. With entrance into WTO of our country， international automobile financial magnate has intervened into Chinese <WP=56>automobile financial market one after another under the seduction of enormous market prospect. The appearance of automobile financial corporation has caused Chinese automobile credit market into quick developing period under multipartite impulsion.III. Affecting Factors of Automobile Consumption Credit We study affecting factors of automobile consumption credit from three respects including borrower， lender and outside environment.The factors of borrower are: consumption cost factor， credit formalities factor and consumption consciousness factor. The factors of lender are: credit object factor and productive service factor. The factors of outside environment are: political environment factor and factor of individual trying credit system.IV. The Existing Problems of Automobile Credit Market in Our CountryAt present， the existing problems of automobile credit market in our country are mainly illustrated in five respects as follows: first， the market capacity of automobile consumption is limited. Due to the purchasing price of automobile and other tax fee is expensive； but the income level of resident income promote slowly and other factors such as expecting balance etc， which have constrained the development of automobile consumption credit； second， the managerial method of consumption credit is lagging. It is shown as managerial subject and credit product is single. Credit cost is expensive. Formalities is complex. Credit risk is relative large； third， the relating policy and regulations are imperfect. Macroscopic economic policy does not completely form the set； fourth， individual credit trying system is insufficient. The publics are short of credit consciousness； fifth， traditional consuming consciousness is obstacle. V. The Necessity and Feasibility of Developing Automobile Consumption Credit MarketIt has conspicuous functions as follows of greatly developing <WP=57>automobile consumption credit: automobile consumption credit could promote quick growth of resident’s real consumption； automobile consumption credit could cause production scale to expand quickly； automobile consumption credit could perform “multiplier” effect promoting economic更多还原