【作者】 张海燕；

【导师】 韩肖清；

【作者基本信息】 太原理工大学 ， 电力系统及其自动化， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 中国的电力工业正在进行“厂网分开，竞价上网“的改革，目的是在发电领域逐步引入竞争机制，逐步形成开放发电侧的经营模式。电价是调节电力市场的杠杆，因此，电价的重要性也越来越明显。进几年来，电价问题成为一个许多专家研究的热点问题。 本文首先较系统地回顾和总结了国内外有关电力市场下的现状，对电力市场下的电价进行探讨，接着针对我国国情，提出了一种适合初级电力市场有功无功费用的分析方法。本实时电价模型是在Schwepp F C提出的有功实时电价模型的基础上，加入无功的成份，进而得出了综合考虑有功无功的实时电价模型。 介绍了最优潮流的发展概况，综述了各种优化方法的优缺点。重点介绍非线性最优潮流的算法原理。采用序列二次规划法应用于大型非线性最优潮流问题。 太原理工大学硕士研究生学位论文 本文根据实时电价理论，结合实时电价与最优潮流之间存在的内在联系，即最优潮流中的拉格朗日乘子与实时电价中的有功无功电价有着相同的经济含义，建立以发电机燃烧费用最小为目标函数，并考虑功率平衡约束及网络约束对电价的影响，利用最优潮流计算了电力市场下的系统各节点的实时电价。同时对实时电价表达式进行了分解，分析了影响实时电价的各种因素，并用图表表示各惩罚因子对电价的影响。 计算实时电价的步骤为: (l)输入机组耗量特性，有关运行限制及潮流数据; 但)运行牛顿一拉夫逊法进行潮流计算; (3)设置最优潮流收敛条件和目标函数; (4)运行非线性最优潮流计算，得出各约束条件的拉 格朗日乘子和节点实时电价，输出结果。 应用非线性规划即序列二次规划法最优潮流算法，用Matlabs.0编程语言编制最优潮流程序，通过对IEEE14节点进行计算，结果可行。更多还原

【Abstract】 Chinese power industry is carrying out the trail of generation unbundling and the competition bidding, in order to introduce competition and open electricity market on generation gradually. Electricity price is the lever for regulating electricity market, so it is clear for its important. Recent years electricity price is becoming the hot problem to research for many experts. Depending on the balance of supplying and needing instantaneously and meeting safe running in power system, Spot price is provided and being a kind of theory on electricity price using the Short Run Marginal Cost Method.The paper first presents a survey and comparison to the electricity power of the abroad and our country. According to Chinese power industry, a new method for spot price definition is presented in this paper. This method is based on Schwepp F C’s spot price active model, the reactive is added to it. The result includes active and reactive spot price.Secondly, the general of optimal power flow development is introduced, and the merits and shortcomings of each method are overviewed. The method of nonlinear optimal power flow is discussed mostly, and the successive quadratic programming is used for large scale nonlinear optimal power flow.According to the theory of spot price and the relation between spot pricing models and the optimal power flow(OPF), this paper presents the objective function of generation least fee, thinking about the limit on power balance and network, finally OPF can be used to calculatespot price because Lagrange multiplier is the same with active and reactive spot price. This paper also decomposes the formulation of spot price into different components corresponding to generation, loss and transmission limits. Then uses the diagrams to expatiate how to affect the spot price by the Lagrange multiplier.The steps of calculating spot price are below:(1) Input generation parameter on consuming, limits on running and primitive power flow data; (2): Run a simple Newton power flow; (3): input OPF termination criterion, and the objective function;(4): Use a successive quadratic to run optimal power flow, obtain the real-time prices of active and reactive power at each bus and Lagrange multiplier, then print the results.The numerical results of IEEE 14-bus test system are given to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed method.更多还原