【作者】 马勇骉；

【导师】 周从钜；

【作者基本信息】 广西大学 ， 农业机械化工程， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 随着世界经济的发展，能源与环保成为人们日益关注的焦点。代用燃料的研究也越来越为世界各国所关注。 本文首先较为详细地介绍了内燃机代用燃料——天然气和液化石油气、氢气、醇类燃料、二甲醚(DME)和碳酸二甲脂(DMC)的物理特性排放特点、优缺点及使用时应解决的问题。并重点介绍了本实验所采用的燃料——甲醇(富氧燃料)。以N485Q柴油机为实验样机。先测出柴油机在正常技术状态下燃用柴油时的性能参数，然后采用不同M值，即不同甲醇与柴油的配比作燃料时，分别测出不同M值时的发动机性能参数，并与正常技术状态下燃用纯柴油时的性能参数相比较，得出M值对发动机性能的影响规律。并以M值为变化依据，绘出该N485Q柴油机的M调整特性曲线。接着运用多因素正交回归旋转组合设计方法，设计了M、转速、负荷三个调整参数的实验，研究M、转速、负荷三个调整参数相互匹配的情况对柴油机功率、油耗率和碳烟排放影响的规律。运用统计软件SPSS建立功率、油耗率和烟度各项性能指标随上述三个调整参数而变化的数学模型，定量描述了各调整参数对发动机动力性、经济性和碳烟排放的影响。最后，利用计算机寻优，对最大扭矩工况和标定工况下的六个回归方程进行优化，得到各自理论的性能指标的最优值及其调整参数相应数值。并以此调整参数为依据。通过实验，测出其实际各项指标，并与理论相比较。运用理论和实验相结合的方法，讨论确定了该N485Q柴油机的最佳M值。 研究结果表明，甲醇嫩料有明显的降低燃油消耗率和烟度的作用。在中、大负荷时效果尤为明显。由于本实验没有改变实验柴油机的结构，所以M值不能取得太高，即不能大于M20，计算机寻优结果与实验结果预报的M值均在M15左右，并且上述两结果的误差在3%以下，结果是令人满意的。更多还原

【Abstract】 Along with the development of world economy, energy and environmental protection become the focus that people pay attention to increasingly .The research of alternative fuel is more and more paid attention to by the countries all over the world.At first, this paper introduces in detail physical characteristics, exhaust features, merits and demerits and problems solved in use of substitute fuel of internal combustion engine, such as GNC, LPQ hydrogen, alcohol fuel, DME and DMC. And emphatically introduce methanol fuel (oxygen fuel). Next, the experiment is carried on N485Q DI diesel engine as an example. First of all, the performance parameters are measured under normal technology state of diesel engine. Then different proportion methanol fuel was carried on diesel engine and the performance was measured. And contrasted with the performance parametersunder normal technology state, these parameters can give us the influence laws of power, economic performance and smoke emission of diesel engine. And then following this using orthogonal regression rotation design method, the experiment of three adjusting parameters (M, rotation speed, load rate) is designed. The influence laws of power, oil consumption rate and smoke emission are researched under the circumstances of these three adjusting parameters (M, rotation speed, load rate) mutual matching. Thus mathematical models including power, oil consumption rate and smoke emission concerning three adjusting parameters have been established with statistical software SPSS, the effects on power, economic performance are descripted batchingly of the three adjusting parameters. Finally, with computer looking for the best parameters, the six regression equation at maximum torque and at maximum power are optimized. The best values of each performance index in theory and the corresponding values of adjusting parameters are concluded. Based on these parameters, the engine is adjusted again, and each practical performance index is measured by experiment, and contrasted with the theoretical values. Finally, the best adjusting parameters of different M have been determined by theoretical and experimental method.The research result shows that methane! fuel is beneficial to low the oil consumption rate and smoke emission obviously. When the diesel engine under heavy load and moderate load conditions, the effect is dramatically obvious. Because we don’t change the structure of the diesel engine, the M value is not too large. And the limit is M20. The best parameters by computer looking for isapproximately M15, and the practice value is so. The experimental result is satisfactory as the errors of the outcomes found out by computer for the best value and the experiment outcomes are within 3 percent.更多还原