【作者】 莫武兴；

【导师】 李秋洪；

【作者基本信息】 广西大学 ， 科学技术哲学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 科学精神与人文精神之间的矛盾和冲突，近几年来成为学术界探讨的热点问题，其实质是“两种文化”(科学文化和人文文化)之间关系及其矛盾的延续和深化。其所反映和折射出的问题，已不仅仅局限于科学技术、教育领域，而是渗透和涉及社会的多领域、多层次，呈现出复杂系统的特征。这迫切需要多学科从各自不同的研究视角对此进行探索。 科学精神和人文精神是人类精神的两个方面，体现于科学文化和人文文化之中，是科学文化和人文文化的灵魂、核心，并统领着科学文化和人文文化。在文化历史的前期，两种文化可以说是融合发展的、相互促进的。但是，当人类历史的车轮发展到近代，由于极端科学主义的恣意张狂以及人文主义的误解，科学与人文从融通走向矛盾和冲突，从而引发一系列现实的全球问题以及科学技术本身的异化。本文试图从哲学层面出发，以历史与逻辑相统一、理论分析与案例分析相统一的方法，就两种文化对立的精神实质，对蕴涵在科学与人文学科之中的科学精神与人文精神进行历史的梳理，反思了西方学界融合科学精神与人文精神的各种尝试，并在此基础上，以哲人科学家爱因斯坦为个案，进一步研究科学精神与人文精神的如何融合，探寻了融通科学精神和人文精神的基本原则，并以科学精神与人文精神的融合为根基，提出在当代中国急需弘扬科学精神的使命，以促进社会主义现代化建设和民族先进文化的健康发展。 本文共分五章：导论部分主要对科学精神、人文精神及其相互关系的研究现状加以理论分析，对科学精神、人文精神等概念进行了界定，进一步阐明研究的进路及其重要意义。第二章重点对科学精神与人文精神的关系进行历史的梳理，揭示了西方社会发展历程面临的现代性困惑——科学精神和人文精神的对立和冲突。第三章着重反思了西方学界对于融合科学精神与人文精神的各种尝试。第四章以哲人科学家爱因斯坦为个案研究，探讨了哲人科学家爱因斯坦如何有机融合科学精神和人文精神、科学文化和人文文化于一身。第五章在理论反思和案例分析的基础上，提出融汇科学精神和人文精神的基本原则，并就我国民族文化的健康发展，提出了大力弘扬科学精神的历史使命。更多还原

【Abstract】 The contradictions and conflicts between scientific spirit and humanistic spirit, which have become a topic of general interest of academic cycles these years, are in fact the continuations and intensifications of the relation between "two cultures" (Culture of science and culture of humanities ) and contradictions thereof. The problems it reflects not only exist in education, science and technology, but also permeate to and involve in multi-domains and multi-levels of the society, demonstrating the characteristics of a sophisticated system. It needs urgent study from the point of view of different branches of learning and different angles thereof.The scientific spirit and humanistic spirit are two aspects of human spirit. Being the soul and core of cultures of science and humanities, they are embodied in the cultures of science and humanities, and they dominate the cultures of science and humanities. In the earlier stage of the history of culture, these two kinds of cultures merged and promoted with each other and developed mutually. However, when the wheels of human history roll to modern times, science and humanities come from mergence to contradictions and conflicts because of the insolence of science extremism and the misunderstanding of humanities, thus triggering a series of actual global problems and the alienation of science itself. From philosophical level this thesis intends to comb historically through the scientific spirit and humanistic spirit contained in science and humanities with respect to the spiritual essence of the two opposite cultures by means of the method of combining history and logic, theoretical study and case analysis, and to self-exam various attempts of the western academic cycles to merge the scientific spirit and humanistic spirit . On this base, by using philosopher scientist Albert Einstein as a case, this thesis further studies the ways the scientific spirit and humanistic spirit are merged, inquires into the basic principles of the mergence of the scientific spirit and humanistic spirit, and put forward the missionthat it is a urgent need to develop the scientific spirit in nowadays China to promote the health development of socialist modernization and the advanced national culture.This thesis comprises of five chapters: the Introduction mainly analyses the research situation of the scientific spirit and humanistic spirit and the relations thereof, defines the notions of the scientific spirit and humanistic spirit and further explains the research methods and its significance. Chapter two reveals the puzzles in reality in the developing process of western society -the contradictions and conflicts of the scientific spirit and humanistic spirit, by combing historically the relation between the scientific spirit and humanistic spirit. Chapter three mainly focuses on the self-examination over various attempts of western academic cycles to merge the scientific spirit and humanistic spirit. Chapter four studies the way philosopher scientist Albert Einstein organically merged the scientific spirit and humanistic spirit, cultures of science and humanities. Chapter five puts forward the basic principle of merging the scientific spirit and humanistic spirit on the basis of theoretical self-examination and case study, and put forward the historical mission of promoting the scientific spirit with respect to the health development of our national culture.更多还原