【作者】 崔娜；

【导师】 黄思良； 黎起秦；

【作者基本信息】 广西大学 ， 植物病理学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 从农药市场上收集了19种常用杀菌剂，分别测试腐生性细交链孢菌(EGS35-193)菌株、龙眼梢枯病菌(L-2)菌株和苦瓜叶枯病菌(K1-1)菌株对这19种杀菌剂的室内敏感性，测定结果表明，抑菌效果较好的药剂有：腈菌唑、丙环唑、咪鲜安、戊唑醇和烯唑醇。 对产生抗药性的药剂进行抗药性变异体的分离测验，分离出细交链孢菌[(Alternaria alternata(Fries)Keissler)]的抗异菌脲的变异体；对抗异菌脲变异体进行抗药性遗传稳定性测定，结果表明，3个变异体的抗药性在无药剂存在的情况下连续培养8代保持不变。以腐生性细交链孢菌(EGS35-193)为例，其抗异菌脲变异体的分离率为46％，试验证明在有异菌脲存在的情况下，能够非常容易的分离出细交链孢菌的抗药性变异体，该菌具有很快地从敏感型向抗药型转化。 将细交链孢菌的抗异菌脲变异体放在分别含有腐霉利、百菌清、唑菌腈等药剂的PDA培养基上培养，结果表明异菌脲与噻菌灵轮用可以有效地减少抗异菌脲变异体出现的机率；而异菌脲与腐霉利或五氯硝基苯轮用则会使后者的药效降低，增强菌株的抗药性，因此，应避免异菌脲与腐霉利或五氯硝基苯的轮用；抗异菌脲变异体对氟硅唑、腈菌唑、丙环唑、双苯环唑、咪鲜安和代森锰锌这几种药剂表现仍很敏感，仅长出白色的气生菌丝；对烯唑醇，百菌清和唑菌腈表现的敏感性与母本菌株相同。更多还原

【Abstract】 Effect of 19 kinds of fungicides on inhibiting the growth of Alternaria alternata (Fries) Keissler were investigated. The results showed that the fungicides, such as myclobutanil, propiconazole, prochloraz, tebuconazole, and diniconazole could strongly inhibite the growth of the fungus.When the iprodione-resistant mutants of Kl-1, EGS35-193, and L-2 were cultured successively 8 times on PDA with iprodione, their characteristic of iprodione-resistance was unchanged, indicating the stability of the mutants.Iprodione-resistant mutants could be constantly isolated only from approximately 46% of the wild-type isolates incubated on PDA with iprodione. The mutants of Alternaria alternata resistant to iprodione occurred at very high frequency, indicating that there was a potential for a rapid population shift from sensitivity to resistance.The mutants of Aalternata were transferred to PDA with other chemicals, the results indicated that the iprodione-resistant mutants responded similarly to the wild type isolate when grown on PDA containing chlorothalonil, fenbuconazole, and diniconazole,and the iprodione-resistant mutants were sensitive to difenoconazole, mancozeb, myclobutanil,flusicazole, prochloraz, and propiconazole, only growing less aerial mycelia; The iprodione-resistant mutants were stronger resistant than the wild type to thiabendazole; These resistant mutants were sensitive to thiabendazole, so that iprodione and thiabendazole were applied shifted in turn could decrease the opportunity of the iprodione-resistant mutant arising.更多还原