【作者】 张健平；

【导师】 刘琨；

【作者基本信息】 广西大学 ， 化工过程机械， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 甘蔗糖蜜酒精废液是一种含高浓度有机物和悬浮物、易腐蚀以及色素高的废液，如果将其直接排入江河中会使水体缺氧，水质恶化，鱼虾绝迹，河水发臭，饮用水源被污染。因此，对这种废液进行有效处理是十分必要的。广西是甘蔗制糖大省，糖蜜主要用来生产酒精，其废液的治理成为十分棘手的问题，有的厂家由于没能有效地治理它而面临严重的环保问题。目前处理甘蔗糖蜜酒精废液的方法主要有氧化塘、农灌、制酵母、生化处理和浓缩处理等，在这些方法中，有些方法在污染治理方面达不到排放标准，而有些方法虽已达到了排放标准，但它们的综合利润不高，有的甚至由于投资过高而无法实施。因此，寻找一种更经济、更有效的处理方法意义重大。本课题旨在探索一种新的处理该废液的工艺方法，新工艺包括两个部分：第一步是臭氧氧化或活性炭吸附进行降解处理部分；第二步是高级纤维膜生物反器处理。本论文重点研究降解处理部分，从中找到一种较好的预处理方法，从而提高后续生化法的处理效果。 本实验是以南宁制糖造纸厂的酒精废液为原料，分别用臭氧氧化和活性炭吸附对废液进行处理。主要考察了影响因素(废液的初始pH值、处理时间、处理温度、处理气-液比或活性炭投加量)对废液的化学耗氧量(COD)和色度去除率的影响，在此基础上再通过正交实验寻找两种处理方法的最佳工艺参数。本实验用COD快速测试仪消解后用硫酸亚广西人学硕}一学位论文臭城执化和活性炭吸附处理11‘蔗糖蜜酒精废液的实验研究铁按反滴定测定废液的COD，用722型可见分光光度计测量废液的吸光度(经实验发现，其最佳的测定条件是波长为560nm，废液的pH=7)。经正交实验得出，臭氧氧化处理的最佳工艺参数是:废液的初始pH为11.50，处理气一液比为0.2709/mL，氧化时间为30min，处理水温为35oC，在这条件下，COD和色度去除率分别为26.4%和92.8%;活性炭吸附处理的最佳工艺参数是:废液的初始pH为2.50，活性炭投加量为0.0839/ml，吸附时间为40min，吸附温度为50oC，在这条件下，COo和色度去除率分别为25.5%和24.9%。在实验中还发现:碱性条件有利于臭氧氧化降解废液的COD和色度;对于活性炭吸附来说，延长吸附时间和增加活性炭投加量，在强酸性条件下，对废液的COD和色度的去除率有利。最后，从降解效果和经济效益两方面综合考虑得出:相对于活性炭吸附来说，臭氧氧化是较好的生化预处理方法。更多还原

【Abstract】 The wastewater from sugarcane alcohol molasses contains many organic matters and suspended matters, even pigments. To discharge straightly would be led to serious pollution problems, even destruction of ecological environment. Therefore, it is very necessary to treat validly the wastewater. Guangxi is the biggest province of production sugarcane and alcohol molasses in China. Up to now, the wastewater is a hard nut crack. Even some factories are faced with very serious environmental pollution problems because of it. There are a series of methods about treatment the wastewater, including of oxidation pond, irrigating farms, fermentation, biochemical treatment as well as concentration treatment and so on. However, there is no any ideal method, either to reach discharge standard or not to have highly economic cost. Even some methods can’t be done owing to their owner high cost. So it has significant foreground to explore a method that is both feasible in economy and effective in technology. The aim of this thesis is to find a new treatment technique of the wastewater, which includes bothdegradation of the ozone oxidation or the activated carbon adsorption and treatment of Membrane Bioreactor (MBR). This thesis emphatically studied degradation of the wastewater by the ozone oxidation and the activated carbon adsorption. And to find a better pretreatment both them that can improve effect of the latter biotreatment.The wastewater was from the Nanning Sugarcane and Paper Plant. It was degraded by the ozone oxidation and the activated carbon adsorption. The effect of the initial pH of the wastewater, the reactive time, the reactive temperature and the ratio of ozone quantity and the wastewater quantity or the quantity of the activated carbon on the removal efficiencies of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and color in the wastewater was investigated. Based on above results, we could find out the optiomal technical conditions of two treatment methods by the orthogonal experiments. The quick COD microwave-sealed digestion measuring apparatus was adapted to analyzed COD in the wastewater. The model 722 visible spectrophotometer was adapted to analyzed optical density (OD) in the wastewater. And drown a conclusion from experiments was that pH=7 and 560nm wavelength are the optiomal determination parameters. Through the orthogonal experiments, we could find out the optiomal technical conditions of the ozone oxidation that the initial pH of the wastewater is 11.50, the ratio of ozone quantity and the wastewater quantity is 0.270g/mL, the reactive time is 30mins and the reactive temperature is 35 C. And the results of experiments show that the removal efficiencies of COD in the wastewater are 26.4%, and these of color in the wastewater are 92.8%. On the other hand, the optiomal technical parameters of the activated carbon adsorption are as follows: the quantity ofthe activated carbon is 0.083g/mL, the adsorption time is 40mins, the adsorption temperature is 50癈, and the initial pH of the wastewater is 2.50. And the results of experiments show that the removal efficiencies of COD in the wastewater are 25.5%, and these of color in the wastewater are 24.9%. During the course of the ozone oxidation experiments, we found out that strong basic condition is contributed to degradation of COD and color in the wastewater. And strong acid condition, more adsorption time and quantity of the activated carbon are all contributed to degradation of COD and color in the wastewater for the activated carbon adsorption. Comprehensively considering from the removal efficiencies and economy, the ozone oxidation is a better pretreatment than the activated carbon adsorption for the MBR.更多还原