【作者】 林春伟；

【导师】 张信贵； 吴恒；

【作者基本信息】 广西大学 ， 岩土工程， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 随着现代工程技术的发展，人类改造自然的能力大大加强。在水利工程中，高深大坝和大方量调水工程日益增多。这些水利工程对工农业发展作出贡献的同时，其负面效应也到了不可忽视的地步。而我国古代著名水利工程如灵渠、都江堰等，历经两千余年，至今仍然发挥作用，其中必定有宝贵的经验和教训。 本文从环境岩土工程的角度对古代著名水利工程进行研究，挖掘其先进的理念。古代著名水利工程的建设采用了因地制宜、合理规划、尊重自然等合理方式，从而很少诱发环境岩土工程问题，还通过巧妙的工程组合极大地减轻了环境岩土工程问题的危害，甚至是合理地利用了环境岩土工程问题。正是对环境岩土工程问题的这些正确处理使古代水利工程得以与环境和谐发展。相对而言，当今不少水利工程诱发了大量的环境岩土工程问题，使很多水利工程变成“短命工程”。为使古代水利工程人水和谐发展的理念能具体地指导当今水利工程的建设和维护，本文提出了一个环境岩土工程综合评价体系。 这种环境岩土工程综合评价体系的特点是：用层次分析法(AHP)将环境岩土工程问题进行层次划分，并根据各因素的重要性，通过判断矩阵确定因素权重；用模糊统计法确定各评价指标的隶属度函数，通过计算得出定量化的隶属度；最后通过二级模糊综合评判模型计算，得出环境岩土工程综合演化趋势等级。该法还可以根据权重的大小，和因素的隶属度确定水利工程的维护重点。本文用该法对灵渠的环境岩土工程问题进行层次分析，并进行综合评价。其结果与灵渠实际情况较为符合。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of the modern technologies, human is very capable of remaking natural. More and more large-scale dams and water transfer projects emerge nowadays, and these water conservancy projects contribute to the development of the industry and agriculture as well as to destroy the natural. On the other hand, some Chinese ancient famous projects such as Lingqu Canal and Dujiang Dam have been 2000 years, and are still on working. So there must be valuable experiences among them.The paper studies some ancient famous water conservancy projects from an environmental geotechnology standpoint, and finds their advanced ideas. These ancient engineering have had been constructed in proper ways, for example, they have been suited to local conditions, rational planning, and they have been complied with natural. As a result, the engineering have been brought out little problems of environmental geotechnology, or lightened the dangers of such problems by making up ingenious projects. They even have been utilized these problems properly. It is the rational treatment to the problems of environmental geotechnology that make the ancient engineering develop harmoniously with natural and mankind. On the contrary, many modern water conservancy projects have been brought out large number problems of environmental geotechnology, and thus have been "short-lived projects" . This paper puts forward a comprehensive evaluation system to guide the current construction and maintain of modern engineering by the harmonious ideas from ancient projects.The characteristics of the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation system for environmental geotechnology include: an analysis to the issues of environmental geotechnology by Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method; a’decision of the factors’ right through judge matrix according to its importance; quantitative subordinate degrees by calculation via its functions through fuzzy statistic method; a general evolution trend of problems of environmental geotechnology through the calculation of the second fuzzy comprehensive evaluation models. The method can also present the important respects of the maintenance of water conservancy projects according to the right of factors, and it gives an analytical process and a comprehensive evaluation to the environmental geotechnology about Lingqu Canal. The result conforms with the actual situation.更多还原