【作者】 潘廷松；

【导师】 潘福奎； 石宝龙； 郭宪英；

【作者基本信息】 青岛大学 ， 纺织工程， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 桑蚕丝是一种天然的蛋白质纤维，它主要由70％～80％的丝素，20％～30％的丝胶及少量蜡质和无机物组成。蚕茧经过缫丝、织造、练染后整理加工，丝素被利用，而绝大部分丝胶则在煮茧与丝绸精练等工序中随生产废水被排放。中国每年生产桑蚕生丝约6～8万吨，就有2～3万吨的丝胶蛋白质随废水流失，资源流失率约25％。丝胶由18种氨基酸组成，应用范围非常广泛，被人称为“贵族蛋白质”。针对以上问题，我们对丝绸废水中的丝胶进行了回收提纯并对其在纺织品后整理中的应用进行了研究。 第一步、回收并提纯丝绸废水中大量的丝胶蛋白质。根据丝胶的性质和丝绸废水的特点，采用分级超滤膜法对丝胶进行回收提纯。经测定，丝胶回收率及纯度情况良好。 第二步、回收的丝胶在纺织品后整理中进行应用。根据丝胶的特点，主要在改善涤纶织物的吸湿性和抗静电性、纯棉织物的洗后平整度方面进行了研究。 第三步、丝胶的固着。本研究采用戊二醛对丝胶进行固着。实验表明，在适当的工艺条件下，戊二醛固着效果良好。 第四步、柔软剂处理。本研究柔软剂采用氨基改性硅油对织物进行柔软处理。 最后，对涤纶织物及纯棉织物实验样品进行了测试和分析，结果是经丝胶处理后的涤纶织物在吸湿性和抗静电性方面、纯棉织物在洗后平整度方面都有了很大改善，同时，织物的其它舒适性也都有不同程度的提高。更多还原

【Abstract】 The mulberry silk is a kind of natural protein fiber, and it mainlyconsists of 70% - 80% of the silks, 20% - 30% of the sericin and a small amount of wax and inorganic matter. After reeling, weaving, dyeing and finishing of cocoon, the silk is utilized and much of sericin in boiling callus and degumming is discharged with the waste water. China produces about 60,000-80,000 tons of mulberry raw silk every year, and 20,000-30,000 tons of sericin proteins runs off with the waste water. Running off rate of resources is about 25%. Sericin, which has very wide applications, and is called to be " noble protein", consists of 18 kinds of amino acid. To the above question, we purified the sericin from the silk waste water and studied its applications to the finishing of fabrics.The first step: recycle and sublimate the large amount of sericin proteins from the silk waste water. According to the nature of the sericin and the characteristics of the silk waste water, grading membrane filtration method is used to recycle and purified the sericin. The testing result indicates that the recovery rate and purity of the sericin are good.The second step: the recycled sericin is used to the finishing of fabrics. According to the characteristics of the sericin, we mainly studied the following aspects: improving the hygroscopicity and antistatic qualities of the dacron fabrics, improving the crease-resist property of the cotton fabrics after washing.The third step: stickness of sericin. This research adopts glutaraldehyde to stick the sericin on the fabrics. The experiment indicates that the effect of glutaraldehyde stickness is better under the proper technical conditions.The fourth step: soft treatment. This research use the amnio silicone emulsion to soft the fabrics.At last, we tested and analysed the experimental sample of dacron and cotton fabric. The dacron fabrics finished by the sericin have been improved greatly in hygroscopicity, antistatic quality and the cotton fabrics have been improved in wash and wear performance. At the same time, the other comfortableness of the fabric have been improved in different degrees too.更多还原