【作者】 陈辉；

【导师】 张晓东；

【作者基本信息】 青岛大学 ， 纺织化学与染整工程， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 本论文主要以对苯二甲酸二甲酯(DMT)和1，2-丙二醇(PDO)为主要的单体，以间苯二甲酸二甲酯-5-磺酸钠(SIPM)作为亲水性单体，同时引入第四单体一缩二乙二醇(DEG)等，采用酯交换-缩合聚合路线合成一种水溶性聚酯。实验详细探讨了反应物之间比例、反应时间、反应温度、催化剂等对水溶性聚酯结构的影响，确定了最佳的合成工艺。并通过红外光谱(FT-IR)、核磁共振(~1H NMR)等进行了表征，同时利用X衍射研究了其结晶性能，由于共聚单体的加入，破坏了分子结构的规整性，所得水溶性聚酯为非结晶性共聚物。利用凝胶色谱(GPC)测量了共聚物的分子量在6000左右，分散指数为3.44，具有较窄的分子量分布。而且还发现由于醚键和SIPM的引入，通过延长反应时间和提高反应温度并不能提高其分子量，反而会加剧共聚物的裂解，使共聚物粘度下降，分子量降低。 通过对水溶性聚酯溶液及溶解性能的测试表明以SIPM作为改性剂，与有关的二元醇、二元酸进行共缩聚可以制备水分散性聚酯树脂。并且随着SIPM在二元酸中的摩尔含量的提高，其水溶性增强，对外加盐的容忍度提高。当SIPM在二元酸中的含量达到15％时，既能达到水溶性，又不过多地消耗SIPM，并且具有较好的稳定性。水溶性聚酯由于分子结构中含有亲水性基团，在高介电常数介质中表现出聚电解质效应；同时由于亲水基团的存在，使其具有了一定的表面活性。 本文还详细探讨了所合成的水溶性聚酯溶液的粘度、表面活性、流变性能、对有机颜料在水中的增溶性以及水溶性聚酯在不同有机溶剂中的溶解性能，发现溶剂的性质对其粘度性能有很大的影响；水溶性聚酯具有表面活性剂的特征，其临界胶束浓度(CMC)较常规的表面活性剂明显较低，但对有机颜料在水中的增溶性能明显好于常规的表面活性剂。水摘要溶性聚酷的水溶液属于假塑性流体，温度升高有利于靠近牛顿流体。水溶性聚酷能溶解于多种有机溶剂，在有机溶剂中的溶解性因SIPM链节含量的变化有所差别，在极性水溶性有机溶剂中溶解度较大，在极性较弱的油溶性溶剂中基本不溶。更多还原

【Abstract】 A kind of water soluble polyester(WSP) was synthesized by ester exchange-esterification-polycondensation. It can be four components copolymer including Dimethylterephthalate(DMT), 1,2~propanediol(PDO), dimethyl 5-sulfoisophthalate sodium salt(SIPM) and diethylene glycol(DEG). The effect of the ratio of reactant, the reaction time, the catalyst and the reaction temperature to the chemical structure of WSP were researched in experiments.The copolymers were analyzed by Fourier-Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), 1H Nuclear Magnetiic Resonance spectroscopy(1H NMR). At the same time, noncrystalline polymer was found by X-diffraction because of the addition of SIPM and PDO. The WSP molecular weight is about 6000 by Gel Permeation Chromatography(GPC). Experimentally it is found that increasing the temperature and the time decrease the average molecular weight. The reason is that with the temperature increasing, SIPM and DEG will promote polyester cracking.The water soluble polyester solvent and the property of dissolving are discussed. Dimethyl 5-sulfoisophthalate sodium salt(SIPM) is added to the polyester, giving water-dispersible products. Changing the mole fraction and the water-sensitivity is changed. It was found that, with the increase of SIPM chain element, the solublility of water-soluble polyesters in water and limited concentration of added salt NaCl in aqueous solutions of water-soluble polyesters are increased. 15% SIPM copolying with dibasic alcohol and dicarboxylic acid can give better-dispersible polyester. As a kind of polymeric surfactant, the surface physical properties of WSP wereexamined.The viscosity, the surface physical properties, the rheological behavior and the solubilization to pigment of the water soluble polyester solvent were researched. The water soluble polyesters is soluble in some organic solvents, but sometimes show obvious different solubility in same solvent of different samples.更多还原