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超声波作用下罗布麻纤维染色性能的研究

Research in Ultrasonic Wave Applied in Apocynum Venetum-Fiber Dyeing Process

【作者】 范世超

【导师】 姜宜宽; 宁福军;

【作者基本信息】 青岛大学 , 纺织工程, 2004, 硕士

【摘要】 本文用超声波方法对罗布麻纤维的染色性能进行了进行了研究、探讨。首先对罗布麻原麻进行了漂白处理,然后用常规染色方法和超声波染色方法对活性染料、直接染料和还原染料染罗布麻纤维的染色性能进行了研究对比,并对超声波作用下罗布麻纤维的染色性能变化的机理进行了初步探讨,主要研究内容和结论具体如下: 1、在各染料的最佳染色条件下,分别用常规染色方法和超声波染色方法对活性染料(活性黑KN-G2RC、活性黄X-R(C.I.Reactive Blue 4))、直接染料(直接桃红12B(C.I.Djrect Red 31)、直接耐晒黄RS(C.I.Direct Yellow 50))和还原染料(还原橄榄绿B(C.I.Vat Green3)、还原蓝GCDN(C.I.Vat Blue 14))染罗布麻纤维的染色性能进行了研究比较,用721分光光度计对各染料的上染曲线、上染率和固色率进行了测定,用origin6.0作出了各上染曲线图,并进行了数据比较和图象比较。研究结果表明,在相同的染色条件下,在相同的染色工艺下,超声波染色方法能加快各染料的上染速率,减少上染时间;能显著的提高各染料的上染率与固色率,改善各染料的匀染性与透染性。 2、对超声波染色方法能改善罗布麻纤维的染色性能的机理进行了初步探讨。用X-射线衍射方法对罗布麻纤维的结晶度、晶粒尺寸和大分子的取向度进行了测定,作出了罗布麻纤维在超声波处理前后相应的X-射线衍射图。测定结果表明,超声波处理能够减小罗布麻纤维的结晶度,减小晶粒尺寸和减小大分子取向度。并对超声波改变罗布麻纤维微观结构的机理进行了分析、探讨。 3、在超声波的作用条件下对各染液的作用进行了分析,用透射电镜对超声波作用30min后和作用前的还原橄榄绿B(C.I.Vat Green 3)进行了观察发现,超声波的空化作用有利于染料聚集体和分子缔合体的解聚,有利于提高染料的分散程度,使染料的扩散和渗透系数都有显著的增加。对直接染料和活性染料的研究也发现上述的作用。

【Abstract】 Ultrasonic wave has been applied in the dyeing process of the Apocynum Venetum-fiber in order to improve the dye-uptake and accelerate the dyeing rate. The mechanism has been investigated and discussed. The normal method is firstly used to study the dyeing property of the Apocynum Venetum-fiber dyed with the reactive dyes, the direct dyes and the vat dyes, correspondingly, the ultrasonic wave is applied in the dyeing process of each dye. Then the result and the mechanism of the ultrasonic wave dyeing is investigated. The main research aspects are as follows:1. Under the optimum dyeing condition which including the ultrasonic wave used in the dyeing process and not used in the dyeing process of each dyes, the dyeing property of the reactive dyes (Reactive Black KN-GARC, Reactive Yellow X-R), the direct dyes (Direct Red 12B, Direct Yellow RS) and the vat dyes (Vat Green B, Vat Blue GCDN) dyed the Apocynum Venetum-fiber is studied in detail. The dyeing rate curves are figured out and the dye-uptake rate is calculated orderly. The result of the research shows that the ultrasonic wave applied in the dyeing process can increase the dyeing rate of each dyes, can obviously decrease the dyeing time, can increase the dye-uptake rate , improve even and permeate effects of each dyes.2. The mechanism of the ultrasonic wave improving the dyeing effect is discussed. The X-ray diffraction method is used to measure the crystal linity, the crystal size and the tropism percentage of the fiber treated and untreated with the ultrasonic wave. Then every X-ray diffraction curve is figured out. The result shows that the crystallinity, the crystal size and the tropism percentage of the Apocynum Venetum-fiber which has been treated with the ultrasonic wave for 30 minutes is decreased. Then this mechanism of the ultrasonic wave is studied and discussed.3. The function of the ultrasonic wave on dyeing liquor is studied in the end. The research shows that the particulate size of Vat Green B (C. I.Vat Green 3) in the dyeing liquor has been sharply decreased after treated with the ultrasonic wave for 30 minutes, the diffusing coefficient and the permeating coefficient of the dyes are increased. The same conclusion is found on the research of the direct dyes and the reactive dyes.

【关键词】 罗布麻纤维超声波染色结晶度
【Key words】 Apocynum Venetum-fiberultrasonic wavedyescrystallinity
  • 【网络出版投稿人】 青岛大学
  • 【网络出版年期】2004年 04期
  • 【分类号】TS193
  • 【被引频次】5
  • 【下载频次】221
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