【作者】 傅吉龙；

【导师】 王世杰；

【作者基本信息】 沈阳工业大学 ， 机械设计及理论， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 摩擦换向抽油机是一种新型的抽油系统。由于其频繁换向，升降机械在“正转—停车—反转”的变换时刻，加速度较大，加之较大的载荷，系统内部将产生较大的冲击，使得系统的功率需求波动幅度很大，动力源一直工作在不稳定状态下。选择功率小，则导致经常性过载；反之，则又导致动力浪费。系统中的各个机械零部件如抽油杆、减速器轴上的针轮轴承、钢丝绳等寿命也都受到冲击的影响。能否减小电机的功率波动幅度，改善机构中各零部件的载荷情况，进而降低能耗，并提高整个工作系统的使用寿命，是关系到摩擦换向抽油机这种新型石油机械设备生存与发展的重要课题。 在动力轴和承载构件之间加缓冲器是解决这一问题的很好的办法。基于这一构思，我们在减速器的输出轴与摩擦轮之间加涡旋弹簧做缓冲器，经过理论分析与实践检验，有效地减缓了速度突变，减轻了系统在正反转换向瞬间受到的冲击，提高了系统寿命的同时，节能效果十分明显。 作为缓冲器主要组成部件之一的涡旋弹簧，其性能的好坏直接影响缓冲器的缓冲效果，进而影响整个升降机的使用寿命。为确保涡旋弹簧使用的可靠性，本文对涡旋弹簧进行疲劳寿命分析。 本文根据对摩擦换向抽油机的工作状况分析，首先初步计算出涡旋弹簧的几何参数，利用三维建模软件UG，建立涡旋弹簧的三维实体模型；其次通过大型有限元分析软件ANSYS中内置的IGES转换过滤器，将涡旋弹簧实体模型转换到ANSYS软件中，对其进行应力—应变分析；最后根据其分析结果，对涡旋弹簧的最大危险应力点进行疲劳寿命分析。根据上述分析结果对传统弹簧传统理论进行验证，为进一步优化提供理论依据。 随着摩擦换向抽油机的不断完善，这种抽油机将会很好地应用于石油开采领域，本文的预研工作也将有力地推动这种抽油机的应用。更多还原

【Abstract】 Friction Reversing Type Oil Pumping Unit is a new kind of oil pumping system. Because of frequently reversing of the friction wheel, just at the moment as friction wheel changes rotational direction, relatively large acceleration and heavy load will appear, and therefore exist the great impact in the whole pumping system. The power required is thus increased and the motor will have to work under unstable status. If motor with less power is selected, regular overload will often happen. On the contrary, loss of power will be resulted, In such kind of machinery, every component or part such as oil extraction rod, pin gear bearing in the axle of the reduction gear, steel wire rope, etc, will be under the influence of impact. We expect that the power fluctuating magnitude of the motor can be decreased, the loaded situation in system be improved, energy consumption be reduced, and then the whole work system service life be enhanced. This is an important research topic which will determine the future development of Friction Reversing Type Oil Pumping Unit.A buffer is placed between the dynamic shaft and friction wheel, which may be a very good method to solve the problem. With this idea, between the output axle of reducer and the rub wheels a vortex spring is added. Through theoretical analysis and experiment, it is shown that the sudden change of speed and impact in the pumping system is effectively lightened during positive and negative reversion of the friction wheel. System life is enhanced and the energy conservation has been reduced obviously.As a key part of the buffer, the vortex spring will affect buffing result directly and therefore, the elevator service life will be determined by its performance. In order to guarantee the reliability of vortex spring, the fatigue life of the vortex spring is analyzed in this paper.According to the state analysis of the Friction Reversing Type Oil Pumping Unit, the geometry parameter of the vortex spring is calculated in this paper at first. With the 3-D modeling software UG, the three-dimensional entity model of the vortex spring is set up. Secondly, through the IGES transformation filter that is in the large-scale finite element analysis software ANSYS, the model of the vortex spring entity is transferred into ANSYS software.Stress-strain analysis is carried out for the vortex spring. Finally, according to the analysis result, at the most dangerous point where the biggest stress appears, the fatigue life is analyzed. The traditional theory of the spring is verified according to above-mentioned analysis results. The theoretical foundation for further optimization is thus offered.With the Friction Reversing Type Oil Pumping Unit being constantly perfected, the application will be widened. The pre-research work done here will provide powerful support for the application.更多还原