新型土工三轴仪测控系统的基本研究

【作者】 裴经旻；

【导师】 佟宇； 邵龙潭；

【作者基本信息】 大连理工大学 ， 机械电子工程， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 三轴仪是机电技术在土木工程测量领域的典型应用，是重要的基础试验仪器。论文以开发先进的三轴仪测控系统为目标，对现代三轴仪进行了全面的功能需求分析，提出了基于上、下位机结构体系的测控系统解决方案。以此为基础，论文展开了三轴仪测控系统三项关键技术的研究工作。在轴向加载系统的研究中，论文简述了国内外三轴仪的两种主要轴向加载方案，通过对这两种技术的优劣进行了分析对比后，确立了框架式轴向加载系统的解决方案，并进一步分析讨论了步进电机、运动变换机构和减速机构的应用技术。在下位机测控系统的研究中，论文在土工仪器领域率先引入了先进的TMS320LF2407A DSP控制器，并针对其存储器扩展与配置、I／O空间扩展应用、基础时钟系统建立以及电源管理系统等四项关键技术进行了详尽的技术分析和讨论，为嵌入式实时操作系统的应用奠定了基础。在数据采集系统的研究中，论文分析了数据采集系统的结构，建立起了多通道分时采集系统，并根据三轴仪的实际测量需求，对传感器、变送器，取样电路、数据转换电路等几个主要环节进行了详细的技术讨论。随后，论文结合TMS320LF2407A控制器器SPI接口讨论了数据采集系统的硬件实现，并进行了系统误差分析综合。论文的全部研究工作表明，以PC机和TMS320LF2407A微控制器构成的三轴仪测控系统，辅以框架式轴向加载装置，可以满足现代三轴仪系统的技术性能要求，具有良好的应用前景。更多还原

【Abstract】 As a typical application of mechtronic technology in soil testing, triaxial instrument is the important laboratorial apparatus in the region of civil construction.In order to develop a set of advanced measure & control system equipped in triaxial instrument, this paper makes a overall analysis of function requirement for the modern triaxial instrument and then puts forward a system solution based on the front & back control panel structure.Starting from this solution, the paper begins to study and discuss the three key technologies in this system.In the research of axial loading system, this paper first describes two main loading solutions applied on all of the triaxial instruments.After evaluating their merits and demerits carefully, the loading frame is adopted.In the following pages, three technologies, step motor, motion transformation and speed reduction, are discussed in detail.In the research of back measure & control sub-system, In order to provide a strong support for measure & control system, this paper introduces the advanced microcontroller TMS320LF2407A.and spends a lot of pages studying four applied technologies, memory extension and configuring, I/O space extension, basic timing system setting and power supply designing.All the achievements of the study create a convenient road to embedded real-time operation system.In the research of data acquiring system (DAS), this paper analyses the structure of DAS and set up a set of multi-channel time-shared DAS.According to the practical need for measuring and controlling, this paper also makes a detailed discussion about the sensor, transducer sampling circuit and data converter.Finally, the DAS is realized on the measure & control system with the application of SPI interface of TMS320LF2407A and its system error is calculated.As the research achievements showed above, the measuring & controlling system, based on the PC and TMS320LF2407A microcontroller, of triaxial instrument has a bright application future and can fulfilled the need of modern triaxial testing.更多还原