在用A型井架承载能力分析及其缺陷识别

【作者】 汪霞；

【导师】 徐闯；

【作者基本信息】 大连理工大学 ， 一般力学与力学基础， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 采油井架钢结构是钻采石油时所必需的支架结构，对油田生产起着重要作用。A型井架在石油钻井中被广泛地应用，其最大承载能力是石油界普遍关注的问题。以往对井架的研究一般从强度设计方面展开，很少考虑井架由于多年使用而产生的各种缺陷及其对承载能力的影响，对井架具体缺陷的研究仅停留在经验测量阶段。 本文综合考虑在用A型井架存在的各种缺陷，对缺陷进行分析并分类，对影响井架承载能力的三个主要缺陷进行等效处理，其中构件弯曲引用纵向刚度折减系数等效处理。建立井架结构的力学模型，通过有限元分析软件ANSYS对其进行了静力特性、自振特性、动态响应和稳定性分析，并计算其最大承载能力。结合现场测试情况提出识别井架具体缺陷的方法，给出缺陷识别的计算式。 以在用JJ170／41A型井架为例，进行井架的力学性能分析，计算其最大承载能力。用计算值代替现场测试值对井架缺陷进行识别，验证了缺陷识别方法的正确性和精确度。 本文计算结果和处理方法为在用A型井架承载能力的评估提供参考，缺陷识别方法为现场测试井架缺陷提供参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 An oil derrick is a necessary supporting frame, and plays an important role in oil production. ’A’ form derrick is in extensive use. The workers take attention on it’s carrying capacity. Nowadays, the study of derrick usually is about it’s intensity, some initial defects are not considered. Didn’t think about the effect to the carrying capacity.Some initial defects are considered and studied. Deducing the equivalent formula of the initial defect. The finite element analysis software (ANSYS) is applied to establish the model of ’A’ form derrick. Based on the design feature of the derrick, the actual derricks structure is idealized an assemble of space pipe element and space beam element, and carry out the static, dynamic analysis and stability analysis. Calculates the max load. Depend on the conditions in oil production, put forward a test method for the most important initial defects, and deduce the formula.In this paper, the author takes JJ170/41-A form derrick for example. To obtain practice result of the derrick’s load capacity, both the dynamic and static stability and behavior should be taken into consideration. The result of the calculation can offer reference basis to designing and evaluating the load carrying ability of the derrick. The method for initial defect can offer the test of derrick.更多还原