混凝吸附法处理含油废水的技术研究

【作者】 林忠胜；

【导师】 周集体；

【作者基本信息】 大连理工大学 ， 环境工程， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 含油废水是一种常见的工业废水。随着国民经济的迅速发展，石油开采、石油加工、机械加工等诸多行业产生的含油废水量也越来越多。而含油废水对环境造成的危害也越来越大，严重威胁到动植物、甚至人类的生命健康。 根据国内外对含油废水的治理现状和含油废水自身的性质，研制了CAX复合混凝剂，建立了混凝吸附法处理含油废水的技术。采用粉煤灰、烟道灰等工业废弃物和少量工业硫酸铝配制成CAX复合混凝剂。由于粉煤灰和烟道灰本身具有很好的吸附、沉降性能，因此CAX复合混凝剂在含油废水的处理中表现出极大的优越性，混凝反应形成的矾花粒大、易沉降，形成的污泥包水量少，对油的去除率达到99％，对COD的去除率达到80％以上。通过实验室实验总结出CAX复合混凝剂的最佳反应条件：pH范围在6～9；最佳温度在15～55℃；最佳反应时间为4～8min；最佳加药量为0.5g/L。 根据CAX复合混凝剂的特性，研制了集混凝、絮凝、沉降、排泥、出水为一体的混凝沉降综合反应装置，大大缩小了设备的占地面积。实验室实验后进行了小型模拟实验，在混凝处理之后增加了吸附过滤装置。实验结果表明，对油的去除率达到99％，对COD的去除率达到80％以上，对色度、重金属、氨氮等也都有很好的去除效果。 为了进一步验证该技术的可行性，在辽河油田进行了2.5m~3/h废水中试实验。考虑到回收废油和减轻后续处理压力的因素，在混凝反应前增加了粗粒化预处理装置。整套设备占地面积仅10m~2左右，且除了原水由泵提升之外，其余流程均为自流，因此大大节省了占地面积和能源消耗。中试实验结果表明，该项技术对含油废水有极好的处理效果，处理后水质可达到国家规定的排放标准和油田锅炉用生水水质标准。 因此，该项技术处理含油废水不仅是完全可行的，而且具有其它技术所无法比拟的优点，也必将具有广阔的市场应用前景。更多还原

【Abstract】 Oily wastewater is a kind of familiar industrial sewerage. With the rapid development of national economy, more and more oily wastewater were produced. The harmness of oily wastewater is more serious.CAX composite coagulator and the method of coagulation and adsorption were developed according to the character of oily wastewater. The main materials of CAX composite coagulator include FA. Flue Ash and Al2(SO4)3. Owing to the capability of adsorption and sedimentation by FA and Flue Ash . CAX composite coagulator show good effect. The floccule is big and easy to go down. The mud has little water, so it is easy to treat. The removal efficiency of oil reach more 99% and the removal efficiency of COD reach more 80%. Experiment result show the best reaction condition: pH6~9, temperature 15-55 degree, coagulator dose: 0.5g/l. reaction time 4-8min.According to the character of CAX composite coagulator. combined coagulated retort was developed. The area occupied by the equipment is small. After the experiment in laboratory, the small simulant experiment was conducted. The result of small simulant experiment show that the removal efficiency of oil reach more 99% and the removal efficiency of COD reach more 80%. the removal effect of color and heavy metal is good.For the sake of farther validate the feasibility of this technology, the experiment of 2.5m3/h was conducted in Liaohe Oil Field. Considering reclaim waste oil and reduce press in the last step, pretreatment equipment was developed. The whole equipment occupied 10m". The area be occupied and the energy be consumed were greatly saving. The result of the experiment show that oily wastewater was well disposed. The water quality reached the standard regulated by nation.So this technology is feasibile to dispose oily vvastewater, and it has the merit that others technology can not reached. It certainly has widely market.更多还原