【作者】 黄冬兰；

【导师】 王金渠； 贺高红；

【作者基本信息】 大连理工大学 ， 化学工艺， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 气体膜渗透法和膜吸收法具有投资少、能耗低、高效、使用方便和操作简单等特点，此外膜吸收法还有传质面积大的优点和没有雾沫夹带、液泛、沟流、鼓泡等现象发生，因此本文采用气体膜渗透法和膜吸收法分离丙烯和氯化氢混合气。 本论文首先采用硅橡胶膜进行气体膜渗透实验的研究。在丙烯和氮气的纯气体系中考察了压差和温度对渗透系数和分离系数的影响，在丙烯和氮气的混合体系中考察了压差和切割率对渗透系数和分离系数的影响，比较纯气和混合体系的实验，得出混合体系中存在浓差极化现象，压差和切割率的增大都导致浓差极化程度加重。在氯化氢和氮气混合体系，考察了压差、浓度和切割率对渗透系数和分离系数的影响。在丙烯和氯化氢混合体系，考察了压差和切割率对渗透系数和分离系数的影响。实验结果表明硅橡胶膜在分离丙烯和氯化氢混合气的效果不太好。 本论文还用PP中空纤维膜进行了膜吸收实验的研究。在二氧化碳和氮气混合气体系中，考察了气体流率、气体浓度、吸收剂流率、吸收剂种类和浓度、流动方式对实验的影响。在丙烯和氯化氢混合气体系中，考察了气体流率和吸收剂流率对吸收效果的影响。并且还进行了从吸收剂中解吸氯化氢的实验，考察了解吸温度和解吸时间对解吸效果的影响。实验结果表明以乙二醇为吸收剂用膜吸收法分离丙烯和氯化氢的效果特别好，能达到完全分离，并且氯化氢相对容易从吸收剂中逸出。更多还原

【Abstract】 Gas membrane permeation and membrane absorption have a lot of advantages, such as little investment, low energy use, convenient use and simple operation, in addition, membrane absorption also has some merits including surprisingly high interfacial area, absence of emulsions, no unloading at low flow rates, no flooding at high flow rates. So gas membrane permeation and membrane absorption are used for separation propylene / hydrogen chloride in this paper.In the first, organophilic rubbery poly (dimethylsilicone) (PDMS) membrane is used for gas membrane permeation. In propylene/nitrogen pure gas system, the influence of pressure and temperature is researched on the permeability and separation factor, in propylene/nitrogen mixture gas system, the influence of pressure and cut-off ration is researched on the permeability and separation factor, the result shows that the concentration polarization has obvious adverse effect on the propylene/ nitrogen mixture system, the pressure and cut-off ration increase which lead to the increase of the concentration polarization. In the mixture gas of hydrogen chloride / nitrogen, the influence of pressure, concentration and cut-off ration are also researched on the permeability and separation factor. In the mixture gas of propylene / hydrogen chloride, the influence of pressure and cut-off ration are researched on the permeability and separation factor. The result shows that PDMS is unsuited for separation of propylene / hydrogen chloride.Secondly, membrane absorption has been studied using polypropylene hollow fiber membrane. In the mixture gas of carbon dioxide/nitrogen, several influence factors are researched, including gas flow rate and concentration, absorbent flow rate and concentration, different absorbent, flow mode. In the mixture gas of propylene/hydrogen chloride, gas flow rate and absorbent flow rate are studied. Furthermore desorption of hydrogen chloride from glycol is researched, the influence factors include distillation temperature and time. The result shows that the effect of membrane absorption is very good in propylene/hydrogen chloride separation using glycol as absorbent, propylene can be separated entirely from the mixture gas, and hydrogen chloride can vaporized easily from glycol.更多还原