网络对大学新生心理的影响及对策研究

【作者】 朱湘虹；

【导师】 徐建军；

【作者基本信息】 中南大学 ， 高等教育学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 如今，有关网络与大学生的研究成果不断面世，但新生的心理特点决定了在信息时代他们这一特殊群体也是不可忽视的研究对象。随着计算机技术的发展和普及，网络已成为大学新生在学习、生活中必不可少的工具，它在给他们带来诸多便利的同时又对其心理产生许多不良影响。本文试图通过网络对新生心理影响的分析，从教育、管理和服务相统一的角度提出应对网络挑战的策略。 首先，本文阐述了网络的特性、本质与作用以及新生好奇、孤独、迷惘和矛盾的心理特点，并通过问卷调查进行了实证分析，根据马斯洛的需求理论探讨了新生的心理需求与网络特性相契合的原因。 其次，针对新生自我意识、认知、情感、意志、人格、交往等心理因素的特点，运用心理学的理论，首次全面、详实地剖析了网络对新生所产生的积极和消极影响；在此基础上，探讨了网络诱发的网络依赖、人际交往、情感交流和人格形成方面的心理障碍，并对其诱因及后果进行了分析。 最后，为使新生在网络这一个性化的空间中趋利避害，实现其心理的健康发展，提出了应对网络负面影响的具体措施：加强网络教育，提高新生的网络素质；规范网络管理，减少不良信息的供给；加强多渠道的服务，引导新生走出网络的误区，其中，尝试性地提出了优化物质环境，培育校园网络精神的新理念。更多还原

【Abstract】 Nowadays, researches about network and college students are springing up continuously. The freshmen’s ideological characteristic determines that this special group is also an unnegligible research target. Along with the development and popularity of computer technology, the network has turned into an important tool for freshmen. It exerts much negative influence on their mind while bringing a lot of facilities to them. This thesis tried to analyze the influence of network on the mentality of freshmen, and put forward the countermeasures to cope with the challenge in unified education, management and service.At first, this thesis has expounded characteristic, essence and function of network and the psychological characteristic of freshmen’s curiosity, loneliness, perplexity and contradiction. The author has carried on real example analysis through questionnaire investigation. Then, she probes into the reason why freshmen’s psychological need agrees with characteristic of network according to the demand theory of Maslow.Then, in terms of Psychology, the author has first analyzed the positive and negative effects that network impacts on freshmen’s mentality in their self-consciousness, cognition, emotion, will and personality etc. On the basis, she has described the psychological disorder such as network relying on, human communication, emotion communication and analyzed their inducement and consequence.At last, in order to make freshmen go after profits and avoid disadvantages in this individualized space and to realize the positive development of their mentality, the author has proposed countermeasures for the negative effect of network in detail: strengthening the human-based education to improve freshmen’s ’immunity’; standardizing the network management to reduce the supply of unhealthy information; enhancing the multi-channel service to build good environment for freshmen to grow up, among which, the author has tried to raise a new concept of optimizing environment and rearing network spirit in campus.更多还原