神经网络PID控制在汽车发电机性能自动测试系统的应用

【作者】 易江义；

【导师】 阳春华；

【作者基本信息】 中南大学 ， 控制理论与控制工程， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 交流发电机是汽车的主要电器设备之一，其性能指标的合格与否关乎汽车安全大任。性能测试是发电机出厂前生产线上的最后一道且是最重要的一道工序，性能测试水平的高低直接影响产品质量和生产效率。 随着生产规模的扩大，生产技术水平的提高，产品型号的增加，客户对产品质量要求的提高，许多汽车电器生产厂商上世纪90年代引进或推出的测试装置与系统因受计算机容量、速度及国产测量仪器带接口功能少、数字控制器不具备自适应性等因素的影响或制约，在测试精度、速度与通用性等方面显露了很多不足，成为制约厂商生产规模进一步扩大与质量进一步提高的绊脚石。为此研发了“汽车交流发电机性能自动测试系统”(以下简称系统)。 论文在分析发电机工作原理与特性的基础上，对系统的整体设计方案作了介绍。论文的核心内容是闭环控制器的设计，为了增强系统的自适应性，闭环控制一改往常采用单一常规PID控制的技术，而将神经网络与PID控制相结合构造基于神经网络PID控制。论文详细阐述了BP神经网络在PID控制中的应用，对BP算法进行了有效改进，构造了一种基于改进型BP神经网络PID控制，并对其在系统中的应用进行了研究。 系统总体设计以工作节拍与测量精度为考虑重点，硬件选型先进合理，面板操作简单方便，软件设计功能完善，人机交互性强。目前，系统已稳定运行于汽车发电机生产线上。更多还原

【Abstract】 Auto-alternator is one of the main electrical installations in cars, and all its’ performance parameters to be qualified is very important to cars’ safety. Performance test is the last and the most important working procedure on the alternator’s product line. Products’ quality and production’s efficiency are connected with the level of performance test.With the enlargement of the production capacity, the development of the technology, the enhancement of the type of products, and clients’ requirement on products’ quality, many shortages are found in the forepassed servomechanisms on test precision, speed and versatility. Because when made, they were restricted by many factors such as computer’s small capability and slow speed, measuring device’s few interface function,controller’s no self-adaption.All those become obstacles of the development of production’s scale and products’ quality. Therefor, Auto-Alternator Performance Automatic Testing Equipment is developed.In this paper, based on analysis of operating principle of the alternator, the whole design proposal is introduced. To design a good kind of closed loop controller is the main idea of this paper. To strengthen self-adaption of the system, an adaptive controller is designed by combining neural network with normal PID control, instead of the single normal PID control. Firstly,application of BP neural network to PID control is presented. Secondly, a PID controller is proposed based on improved BP algorithm. Finally, application of the proposed PID controller to the system is investigated.Around speed and precision, the system is designed successfully, for its advanced hardware, convenient operation, perfect function and strong interaction. And now it runs stably on the alternator’s product line.更多还原