【作者】 张敏；

【导师】 司玉琢； 郭萍；

【作者基本信息】 大连海事大学 ， 国际法学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 关于控制权的内容、性质、主体及行使等问题，目前学界颇有争议。本文以UNCITRAL运输法草案中控制权的规定为基础，结合各国现行相关法律规定，对国际海上货物运输中的控制权问题进行研究分析，提出如下观点： 第一，控制权是指在运输过程中，在承运人责任期间内，依据运输合同，指示缔约承运人对货物实施某种行为的权利。具体包括：A．依据运输合同条款，对货物作出指示及修改指示(不构成对运输合同的根本变更)；B．中止运输；C．货物到达目的地前要求交付货物；D．改变收货人。该权利的规定不但适用于签发传统提单的运输，而且适用于签发电子提单和海运单的情况。 第二，在有关控制权的属性的诸多学说中，笔者支持请求权说，且认为控制权属债上请求权。 第三，本文讨论的是国际海上货物运输中的控制权，通过比较它与其他运输方式下的货物控制权、与中途停运权、与《合同法》第308条的关系，更加明确了控制权的特点。 第四，由于海上货物运输有其特殊性，控制权的行使主体、行使方法和丧失原因则根据是否签发可转让的运输单证而不同，且控制权的行使以指示具有被执行的合理可能为前提。 最后，本文根据我国目前的相关立法现状，建议《海商法》中增加控制权的完整规定；建议规定货物运输合同基本条款的格式，以避免纠纷；建议我国法院进一步承认承托双方当事人的保函的效力。更多还原

【Abstract】 As for the contents, kind, body and exercise of the right of control, the scholars in current educational circles have different opinions. Based on the clauses of right of control in the draft of UNCITRAL Transport Law, comparing to the relative laws of the countries of the world, this paper will study and analysis the question of the right of control in international carriage of goods by sea, and bring up the following points:The first, the right of control of the goods means the right under the contract of carriage to give the carrier instructions in respect of these goods during the period of his responsibility. Such right to give the carrier instructions comprises rights to: (a)give or modify instructions in respect of the goods [that do not constitute a variation of the contract of carriage]; (b)stop the carriage of goods by sea; (c)demand delivery of the goods before their arrival at the place of destination; (d)replace the consignee by any other person including the controlling party. The provision of that rights is not only applicable to the contract of carriage which is proofed by traditional bill of lading, but also be applicable to the contract of carriage which is proofed by electronic bill of lading and sea waybill.The second, as for the kind of right of control, I support the theory of right of claim, and think the right of control belongs to the right of claim based on contract.The third, to make the characteristics of right of control more clear and definite, this paper compares the right of control in international carriage of goods by sea, with the relative rights in other transport forms, "stoppage in transit" and the right in the Article 308,Contract Law ofChina. The fourth，beeause of the sPeeial of earriage of goods by sea，basedon the ease whether negotiable transPort doeument 15 signed or not，theeorPus，the method of right of eontrol and the reasons of its disaPPearaneeare different. Finally，based on the Present law and legislating develoPment of oureountry，this PaPer Put forward the revised adviee that the eolllPleteProvision of the right of eontrol be added to Maritime Code of the PeoPle’sRePublie of China. To avoid the dispute，the format of the basie item shouldbe aPPI ied，and our eourt should further aeknowledge the effeet of theguarantee letter between the Parties eoneerned.更多还原