抗菌中药及其有效成分的热动力学研究

【作者】 于游；

【导师】 张洪林；

【作者基本信息】 曲阜师范大学 ， 物理化学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 中药是我国传统医学的重要组成部分，是治疗疾病的重要的武器，其生命力旺盛，有着及其广阔的发展前途。应用新科技的手段研究中药的活性越来越引起人们的关注。系统的研究中药的抑菌活性，进一步开发研究新药物，成为越来越多的科学家关注的目标。 本文应用微量量热法研究了四种中药及其有效成分对大肠杆菌代谢作用的影响，借助热活性检测仪对细菌的生长代谢过程进行热谱线的测定，分析谱图、构建细菌生长的理论模型和热动力学方程，进行热动力学性质的研究，同时对四种药物BZ振荡反应作了初步的探索，得到更多的热动力学的数据，为指导新药的合成和合理使用中药提供理论依据。 1．主要研究内容 1．1 药物成分的提取 根据文献方法，采用的适当的方法(蒸馏，萃取，交换等)对中药(茵陈、大黄、穿心莲、麻黄)的有效成分进行提取。 1．2 大肠杆菌在含有不同浓度药物的培养基中生长代谢规律的研究 为了确定药物对大肠杆菌代谢作用的规律和最佳用药浓度，分别将不用浓度的药液加入接入菌种的液体培养基中，形成悬浮液，测定了310K时大肠杆菌生长的热功率-时间曲线，用Logistic方程对细菌的指数生长期曲线进行处理，得到大肠杆菌在不同浓度药液中的生长速率常数，进而拟合出生长速率常数与浓度的关系，确定理论最佳用药浓度。 1．3 中药药液的BZ振荡体系的初步研究 用电动势法测定中药参与的BZ振荡反应，确定中药振荡的浓度范围，从振荡曲线上获得诱导期、振荡周期，从而计算出中药振荡体系的诱导期、第一振荡周期、第二振荡周期的反应级数与表观活化能。 2．本文创新之处 2．1 微热量热法为一种新的研究手段 微量量热法用于中草药对细菌的代谢作用的研究是一种新的手段，首先它能直接监测生物体所固有的热力学过程;其次，可直接监测微生物的组织和悬浮液;其三，热测量完毕之后，并没有破坏研究体系，还可以补充必要的后继分析。它不仅能提供热力学数据，而且可以提供动力学的信息。因此成为一种很有前途的研究手段，比抑菌圈法、光谱法更加方便可靠。2.2研究体系新 近年来对中药的研究多集中于某一种成分的活性研究，用量热法在中药及其有效成分对细菌的抑制作用上研究较少，缺少系统性。本文把中药及其活性成分作为研究体系，最终得到药物对大肠杆菌生长代谢的规律，为药物的开发和应用提供了理论基础。2.3与生命科学相关的中药振荡的探索 对于中药非平衡非线性现象报道很少。本文把中药参与的振荡体系作为研究对象，探索药物与人体生命活动的关系，为治疗疾病，科学合理的使用中药提供信息。更多还原

【Abstract】 The Chinese natural drugs play an important role in traditional medicine, which are one of the important weapons to cure diseases. They have powerful vital force and wide developmental future. The study of activity of natural drugs and the exploitation of new drugs by high-tech attract much attention of more and more scientists.In this paper the bacteriostasic activity of four kinds of drugs including their effective components were studied by microcalorimetry. Using 2277 Thermal Activity Monitor, the power-time curves were determined and analyzed, and then the theoretical model and thermodynamic equation of bacterium growth were constructed. In addition BZ oscillating reaction of these drugs was studied in order to get more thermodynamic parameters. All of the above provide theoretical basis for syntheses of new medicine and reasonable usage of natural drugs. 1.The chief contents1.1 The extraction of drugsAccording to the methods in references, the effective components of drugs were extracted in suitable ways (e.g. distillation method, extraction, exchange process et al.).1.2 The study of the regulation by which the E.coli. grows and metabolizes in culture medium containing drugs of different concentrationIn order to find the regulation of the metabolization of E.coli. and the optimum concentration of drugs, drugs of different concentrations were put into the liquid culture medium containing E.coli. to get suspending liquid. The power-time curves of E.coli. at 310K were analyzed using Logistic equation so that the growth rate constant of E.coli. in drugs of different concentrations was obtained. Then the relationship between growth rate constant and concentration was fit by computer, so the optimum concentration was confirmed in theory.1.3 The study of BZ oscillating systems of Chinese natural drugsOscillating range of drugs was determined by the electromotive force. From the oscillating curves, the induction periods and oscillating periods were obtained, and the order and activation energy of induction periods, the first and second oscillating periods were calculated. l.The main innovation of this paper2.1 New methodsMicrocalorimetric method is a new method for studying the resistance of Chinese national drugs to E. coli. Firstly, it can directly measure the thermodynamic process of system. Secondly, it can directly measure microbial structure and suspending liquid. Thirdly, after the measure finished, the intrinsic system isn’t destroyed, and it can be continued to study. It cannot only afford thermodynamic data but also kinetic data, so microcalorimetric method is more convenient and credible than spectroscopic methodology and the bacteriostasic ring.2.2 New systemsIn recent years the study of Chinese natural drugs most focus on single effective component. There are few studies of inhibition to bacteria by calorimetry. In this paper, the drug and its effective components were taken as study object. Finally the regulations of the metabolism effect of E. coli. caused by the drugs. The study provides the theory base for the application and development of medicine:2.3 The exploration of oscillation of drugs connecting with life scienceThere are few reports in the study of Chinese natural drugs in Nonlinear and nonequilibrium phenomena. Here we take the oscillating system of Chinese national drugs as research object and explore the relationship between drugs and life action. The results provide information for curing disease and using drugs reasonably.更多还原