【作者】 陈启杰；

【导师】 陈夫山；

【作者基本信息】 天津科技大学 ， 制浆造纸工程， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 淀粉作为化工原料与石油化工原料相比，具有价廉、可再生、永不枯竭、生物可降解、绿色环保等突出的特点，是自然界中最重要的可再生资源之一。阳离子淀粉作为淀粉的一类重要的衍生物，全球范围内尤其在造纸工业上得到了广泛的应用。 目前应用于造纸湿部的阳离子淀粉取代度一般为0.01～0.07，属于低取代度阳离子，为了更好地利用阳离子淀粉这一可再生的资源，扩大阳离子淀粉在造纸工业中应用领域。本论文分别采用了溶剂法和半干法制备工艺，通过详细考察制备高取代度阳离子淀粉的各种影响因素，分别优化出溶剂法和半干法制备高取代度阳离子淀粉的较佳工艺条件，并将制备的高取代度阳离子淀粉应用于造纸湿部作助留助滤剂和阴离子垃圾捕捉剂，以提高填料留着率，最后还对高取代度阳离子淀粉的湿部作用机理进行了探讨。 本论文第—部分主要研究了高取代度阳离子淀粉的制备。分别采用溶剂法和半干法制备工艺，详细考察了醚化剂用量、碱用量、体系含水量、反应温度和反应时间等影响因素对反应的影响，优化出溶剂法和半干法制备高取代度阳离子淀粉的较佳工艺条件，在此较佳工艺条件下，溶剂法能制备出DS达0.4左右，半干法能制备出DS达0.5左右的高取代度阳离子淀粉。 本论文的第二部分对合成的高取代度阳离子淀粉进行性能检测，采用红外光谱、胶体滴定等一系列检测方法，对高取代度阳离子淀粉进行检测，从理论上证明了采用溶剂法和半干法制备高取代度阳离子淀粉的可行性。 本论文的第三部分研究了高取代度阳离子淀粉在造纸湿部的应用。分别探讨了高取代度阳离子淀粉在造纸湿部用作助留助滤剂对废纸脱墨浆和漂白麦草浆的助留助滤效果以及用作阴离子垃圾捕捉剂的应用效果。研究实验表明，高取代度阳离子淀粉对脱墨浆的助留助滤效果较好，当高取代度阳离子淀粉的DS为0.501，用量0.1％时，打浆度下降11°SR，填料留着率提高四倍左右；高取代度阳离子淀粉对漂白麦草浆的助滤效果不太明显，但其助留效果显著，当用量为0.3％时，填料留着率达到92.15％；高取代度阳离子淀粉用作阴离子垃圾捕捉剂时，当其用量为0.04％，高取代度阳离子淀粉能显著提高一些常规的增强、助留助滤剂的增强和助留助滤效果。 本论文最后—部分探讨了高取代度阳离子淀粉在造纸湿部的应用机理。采用先进的湿部分析仪器—Zeta电位仪和PCD电荷测试仪，对浆料体系的Zeta电位和电荷性质进行检测，从理论上浅析了高取代度阳离子淀粉用作助留助滤剂和阴离子垃圾捕捉剂的作用机理。更多还原

【Abstract】 Starches as the materials of chemical industry have more advantages such as cheap, regeneration, abundance, biodegradabiliry, green protection etc than the oil chemical materials. They are one of the most important reproduction resources. The cationic starch is one of Ihe most important derivations of starches. It is widely used in paper industry all over the world.Now the degree of substitution (DS) of cationic starch used in the wet-end of papermaking is ranged from 0.01 to 0.07. The DS of this kind of cationic starch is low. In order to make better use of starch and to enlarge the applied fields of cationic starch in paper industry, we studied the methods of preparation the cationic starch with high degree of substitution (HCS). Through probing into the influence factors, we obtained the optimum process conditions separately prepared by solvent-water system and half-dry process. We made use of Ihe cationic starch with high DS as retention, drainage aids and anionic trash catchers (ATC) in Ihe wet-end of papermaking to improve filler retention. At last we also discussed the reaction mechanism of the HCS with fibers, fillers and fines in the wet-end of papermaking.In the first part of this paper, the preparation of the HCS separately by solvent-water system and half-dry process was studied. In order to obtain the optimum process conditions, the effects of some factors, such as the dosage of etherifying agent, the dosage of alkaline, water content of the system, reaction temperature and reaction time were studied. Under the optimum process conditions, the HCS with DS at about 0.4 can be prepared by solvent-water system and the HCS with DS at about 0.5 can be prepared by half-dry process.Secondly, the HCS was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and its charge density was determined by colloid titration. All the results showed that preparation of the HCS were successful.Thirdly, the application of HCS in the wet-end of papermaking was studied. A series of HCS were used as filler retention and drainage aids for deinked pulp and bleached wheat straw pulp and also used as ATC in the deinked pulp. The experiments show that the HCS has the better effects on filler retention and drainage of the deinked pulp. When the DS of HCS is 0.501 and the dosage is 0. 1 %, the beating degree decreases about 11 SR and the filler retention improves about four times. The HCS has little effect on the drainage but remarkable effects on filler retention in the bleached wheat pulp. When the HCS used as ATC in the deinked pulp, the optimum dosage is 0.04% and it can improve the efficiency of the strengthening, filler retention and water drainage.At last, the reaction mechanisms of HCS in the wet-end of papermaking were discussed. The advanced technology of colloid titration with PCD, combined with the analysis of Zetapotential, was applied to measure the charge and Zeta potential of furnish systems. The reaction mechanisms of HCS used as filler retention, water drainage aids and ATC were explained theoretically.更多还原