【作者】 左晓磊；

【导师】 赵国先；

【作者基本信息】 河北农业大学 ， 动物营养与饲料科学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 为提高小尾寒羊的生产性能，增强机体的免疫力，根据肉羊生长特点，配制了本中草药增重剂。选择健康4月龄小尾寒羊40只，随机分为5组，每组2个重复，每个重复4只。Ⅰ组为基础日粮组，Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ组分别在基础日粮中添加0.5％、1.0％、1.5％、2.0％中草药增重剂。通过饲养试验，观察小尾寒羊的体增重和料肉比，为进一步探讨其增重保健的效果，本研究检测了增重剂对小尾寒羊粗蛋白消化率、干物质消化率、血液理化指标、中草药方剂及其单味药对大肠杆菌的体外抑菌效果、小鼠小肠运动及中草药增重剂安全性等各方面的影响。结果表明： 1．本中草药增重剂可显著提高小尾寒羊的增重速度。试验结束时各试验组平均体重比对照组分别提高了5.00％、9.43％、10.62％和11.40％；各试验组平均日增重及总增重分别比对照组提高了22.09％、41.57％、48.45％和52.08％，试验Ⅳ、Ⅴ组平均日增重及总增重与对照组比较均达显著水平（P＜0.05）。结果显示本中草药能够有效的提高肉羊的增重，并且能加快肉羊的育肥速度。 2．本中草药试验小尾寒羊料肉比，添加1.5％的组与对照组相比较差异显著（P＜0.05），干物质与精料的饲料转化率相比效果一致，干物质料肉比比对照组降低了37.58％，精料料肉比比对照组降低了32.02％，干物质料肉比与精料料肉比具有强相关（r为0.9358）。中草药可降低小尾寒羊的料肉比，从而提高了小尾寒羊饲料的转化率。 3．本中草药增重剂可以提高小尾寒羊的CP、ADF、NDF、DM等表观消化率。各试验组CP消化率比对照组分别提高了3.06％、3.04％、11.45％和13.97％，试验Ⅳ、Ⅴ与对照组比较差异显著（P＜0.05）；试验组ADF消化率比对照组分别提高了0.89％、3.24％、4.52％和1.02％，NDF消化率比对照组分别提高了5.27％、6.63．％、9.40％和6.61％，ADF和NDF的消化率均为Ⅳ组最好，与对照组比较差异显著（P＜0.05）；小尾寒羊对DM的消化率试验组比对照组分别提高了4.24％、3.25％、6.49％和7.82％，试验Ⅳ、Ⅴ与对照组比较差异显著（P＜0.05）。 4．小尾寒羊血清中GH含量随着中草药添加量的增加而升高，日粮加中草药Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ组分别比对照组提高了25.64％、33.33％、48.72％、61.54％，试验Ⅳ、Ⅴ组与对照组比较差异显著（P＜0.05）：血清中IGF-Ⅰ和GH升高趋势一致（r为0.9079），分别比对照组提高了2.20％、7.50％、12.72％和26.67％，试验Ⅴ组与对照组比较差异显著（P＜0.05）；血清中T₃、T₄具有较高相关（r为0.7912），Ⅳ组水平明显高于对照组，分别提高了82.83％和90.24％，差异极显著（P＜0.01）；各试验组血清BUN平均水平比对照组分别降低了0.33％、26.56％、34.10％和37.16％，试验Ⅳ、Ⅴ组与对照组相比较差异均显著（P＜0.05）；各试验组血清GLU含量均比对照组下降，分别降低了4.72％、8.12％、8.56％和10.32％，试验Ⅴ与对照组比较差异显著（P＜0.05）；血清中LDH水平变化较小，各试验组与对照组比较分别升高了0.03％、0.57％、1.12％和1.41％，差异均不显著（P＞0.05）；各试验组血清中AKP的含量分别比对照组提高了0.25％、3.24％、 9.42%和14.12%，试验V组即中草药添加量2.0%组与对照组比较差异显著 （P<0.05）。各试验组血清中ALB的含量分别比对照组提高了3 .83%、3 .83%、 6.21%、1 1 .67%，TP的含量分别比对照组提高了2.97%、6.13%、6.80%、8.47 %，试验V组中ALB和TP的含量与对照组比较差异显著（P<0.05）。5.本中草药方剂及某些单味药均对大肠杆菌有明显的抑菌效果，中草药方剂组抑 菌圈直径为10.0r口rn，高于各单味药组。6.本中草药方剂对小白鼠肠内容物推进距离（P<0 .05）和推进率（P<0.01）均提 高，并加强肠道蠕动。7.中草药方剂的LD50>1 .5叭g体重，无毒副作用。8.添加中草药方剂1.5%的组为最佳效果组。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to improve the productive performance and the immunity of small-tailed han sheep, we dispense this Chinese herbal medicine by character of fleshy sheep. Forty Small-tailed han sheep were selected and assigned randomly into 5 groups for a 50-day trial. Treatments involved the control group I (basal diet) ; II (basal plus 0.5% Chinese-herb), III (basal plus 1:0% Chinese-herb), IV (basal plus 1.5% Chinese-herb), V (basal plus 2.0% Chinese-herb) . In this experiment we determine the effects of the growing on the small-tailed han sheep. In order to discuss the effects of the growth and hygiene, we research the effects of Chinese herbal medicine on nutrient digestibility, dry-matter digestibility, blood physiological and biochemical (such as GH. T3, T4, BUN) index in small-tailed han sheep, the antibacterial action in vitro bacteriostasis, the peristalsis of small intestine and the safety of the Chinese herbal medicine. The results of the experiment were listed as following:1.The Chinese herbal medicine can increased the weight gain of small-tailed han sheep significantly (P<0.05) . When the experiment was over, the average weights of four groups added the herb were 5.00%. 9:43%. 10.62% and 11.40% respectively higher than that of the control group. The average daily growing and the adding weight were 22.09%. 41.57%, 48.45% and 52.08% respectively higher than that of the control group. The average daily growing and the adding weight of group IV, V were higher than that of group I significantly (P<0.05) . The Chinese herbal medicine can produce the weight gain of small-tailed han sheep effectively and has small-tailed han sheep growing rapidly.2. In this experiment, the feed-meat rate of group IV is significant higher than groupI (P<0.05). the feed-meat rate of dry matter and fine fodder has the same effect, the feed-meat rates of dry matter and fine fodder were decreased 37.58%. 32.02% respectively. The Chinese herbal medicine can decrease the feed-meat rate of small-tailed han sheep and increase the conversion rate of fodder.3. The Chinese herbal medicine can improve the apparent digestibility of CP, ADF, NDF and DM. The CP digestibility of four groups added the herb were increased 3.06%. 3.04%, 11.45% and 13.97% respectively higher than that of the control group, group IV. V were significantly higher compared with the control group. The digestibility of ADF were 0.89%. 3.24%. 4.52% and 1.02% respectively higherthan that of the control group. The digestibility of NDF were 5.27%. 6.63%, 9.40% and 6.61 % respectively higher than that of the control group. The digestibility of ADF and NDF in group IV were best and significantly compared with that of the control group (P<0.05). The digestibility of dry matter in four groups were increased 4.24%, 3.25%, 6.49% and 7.82% higher than that of the control group, the group IV, V were significantly compared with the control group.4. With the Chinese-herb added, the Growth Hormone activity of the blood serum was increased and the GH activity of four groups were increased 25.64%. 33.33%, 48.72 %. 61.54% higher than that of the control group, group IV, V were significant compared with the control group (P<0.05) . The IGF-1 of the groups have the same trend with GH and were increased 2.20%, 7.50%, 12.72%, 26.67% respectively , the IGF- I leve of group V was significant compared with the control group(P<0.05) . The activity of T3, T4 in the blood serum of group IV were higher than that of group I and increased 82.83% and 90.24% than that of the control group. The BUN of four-groups were deceased 0.33%, 26.56%, 34.10%, 37.16% respectively and the group IV, V were significant compared with the control group. The blood serum glucose of four groups were decreased 4.72%, 8.12%, 8.56%, 10.32 % and group V was significantly compared with the control group( P<0.05). The change of LDH in the blood serum was small and the level of LDH of four groups increased 0.03%, 0.57%. 1.12% and 1.41%. but no significant difference(P>0.05) . The AKP level of four groups were更多还原