【作者】 刘立霞；

【导师】 李亚敏；

【作者基本信息】 河北农业大学 ， 农业机械化工程， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 配电网作为电力网的末端，直接与用户连接，具有线路分布广、电压等级低、设备数量多的特点。配网线损在整个电网损耗中占有相当大的比例。随着电力行业市场化逐步展开，电能损耗和经济效益将更加密切的联系起来。 线损是一个综合性的经济、技术指标，它不但能反映配电网结构和运行方面的合理性，而且可以反映电力企业的技术和管理水平，同时能促使供电企业采取相应的降损措施，提高供电企业的经济效益。简便、快捷、有效的线损计算和分析方法将有利于寻找影响损耗的主要因素，掌握线损的变化趋势，改进线损管理工作，降低线损至最低限度，最终推动配网以至整个电网经济运行的实现。 地理信息系统是计算机技术和信息技术在地理科学中运用发展的产物，它已经广泛的应用于环境监测、城市规划与管理、社会调查与统计分析、社会经济统计与分析、土地管理、地籍测绘与管理、交通与管道管理等与空间信息有密切关系的各个方面，涉及到许多的学科和领域。随着计算机技术的发展，诸如MapInfo、ARC/INFO、Geostar等地理信息系统软件已应用到电力系统之中。 本文研究的对象是将地理信息系统(GIS)与配电网线损管理相结合的图形化管理系统。它以SQL Server 2000网络数据库为数据库开发平台，运用MapX和MapInfo编程技术实现图形库和数据库的自动建立和管理，并利用全图形化的人机交互界面进行配电网的线损计算与分析，在保证计算精确的同时，为线损管理工作者提供了更加方便、快捷、直观的查询和统计功能，并且实现了图形、数据、计算、分析和管理的高度一体化。 本文应用面向对象的分析方法来考察配电网的线损管理，分析了目前线损管理系统中存在的不足，根据配电网节点多、设备多、支线多和线路末端以及数据难以获取的实际情况，在满足实际工程计算精度的前提下，采用均方根电流法和潮流计算方法来进行理论线损的计算，并设计提出了针对配电网特点的线损计算数学模型。并通过配电线路实例对两种线损计算方法产生的计算结果进行了对比分析，经验证可取得较为满意的结果：同时，指出了计算方法对线损准确度的影响，并分析了其中可能的原因。更多还原

【Abstract】 The distribution network is connected with users directly, have the characteristics that the circuit is distributed widely , the voltage is low in grade , the equipment is in large quantity as the end of the power network . The line losses of the power distribution network occupies sizable proportion of the whole power network’s losses. As the marketization of power industry , the electric energy consumption is more and more closer linking up with economic benefits.The line loss is a comprehensive economy, technical target aim. It can not only reflect the structure of the distribution network and rationality of operation , but also reflect technology and management level of electric enterprises.And it can also impel electric enterprises to take measures of decreasing line losses, improve the economic benefits of electric enterprises. Simple, swift and effective line losses calculation and analytical method will help to looking for the main factor of line losses , mastering the variation tendency of the line loss, improve the line loss management, reduce the line loss to the minimum limit and promote the realization of the whole power network’s economical operation finally.Geographical information system is produced from computer technology and information technology which are used in geographical science. Today it has been extensively applied to environmental monitoring, urban layout and management, social investigation and statistical analysis, the analysis of social economy, land management, traffic and pipeline etc, involving a lot of disciplines and fields which having closely related with space information.With the development of computer technology, the geographical information system softwares, such as Maplnfo, ARC/INFO , Geostar etc. have been used to the power system.The object of research is a management system combined with figures, which is composed of geographical information system (GIS ) and the management of power distribution network’s line losses. It regards Microsoft SQL Server 2000 network database as the database developing platform, uses MapX , Maplnfo to realize figureand data database’s automatic setting-up and management, and utilize human-computer interaction of the figured interface to calculate and analyse line losses of the power distribution network.While guaranteeing exact calculation , it also offeres more convenient , swift , ocular inquiry and statistics function , and makes figure , data , calculation , analysis and management into a whole.The research uses the analytical method facing target to investigate the line loss of the distribution network.lt have analysed the deficiency existing in the administrative system of the line loss at present. Because the distribution network has more nodes, many equipment, a lot of branch lines and the data are difficult obtained, on the premise of meeting the precision of engineering calculation , adopts root-mean-squre electric current and power flow to calculate the theory line losses. And it has designed and proposed the mathematics model meeting the characteristic of the distribution network. It also gives samples to compute and analyse two results of calculation and can get the satisfactied results through verifying.lt points out the impact on line loss accuracy of computing technology and analyse the possible reasons.更多还原